Mahabharata (Gita Press) 11.21.7 - Stree Parva, Adhyaya 21, Shloka 7

अध्याय २१ — गान्धार्या वैकर्तनदर्शनम्

Gāndhārī’s Viewing of Vaikartana/Karṇa

Devanagari script

उद्विग्न: सततं यस्माद्‌ धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिर: । त्रयोदश समा निद्रां चिन्तयन्‌ नाध्यगच्छत

Transliteration

udvignaḥ satataṃ yasmād dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ | trayodaśa samā nidrāṃ cintayan nādhyagacchat mādhava |

Translation

毗舍摩波耶那说：“噫，摩陀婆！法王由提施提罗因长久忧惧不安，被焦虑的思虑吞噬，竟十三年不得安眠。”

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Word by Word

• उद्विग्नः: agitated, anxious
• उद्विग्नः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्विग्न (√द्विज्/√द्विज्-आत्मनेपद, क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सततम्: constantly
• सततम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सतत

• यस्मात्: because of which/from which
• यस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• धर्मराजः: the king of dharma (Dharmaraja)
• धर्मराजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मराज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• युधिष्ठिरः: Yudhishthira
• युधिष्ठिरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• त्रयोदश: thirteen
• त्रयोदश: Karma
• Type: Numeral
• Root: त्रयोदश
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• समाः: years
• समाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम (वर्ष/संवत्सरार्थे)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• निद्राम्: sleep
• निद्राम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: निद्रा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• चिन्तयन्: thinking, brooding
• चिन्तयन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: चिन्तयत् (√चिन्त्, शतृ)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अध्यगच्छत्: obtained, found, reached
• Type: Verb
• Root: अधि-√गम् (लङ्)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• माधव: O Madhava (Krishna)
• माधव: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: माधव
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even a righteous ruler may be shaken by the moral weight of violence and loss; dharma is not merely victory in war but the capacity to face consequences with ethical reflection and responsibility.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the aftermath of the great war, the narrator describes Yudhiṣṭhira’s prolonged inner turmoil: he remains continually anxious and, brooding over events, is unable to sleep for thirteen years.