Rig Veda 9.96.22: Mandala 9, Sukta 96, Mantra 22

Sukta 9.96

Devata: Soma Pavamāna (linked with Sāman/chant)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्रास्य धारा बृहतीरसृग्रन्नक्तो गोभिः कलशाँ आ विवेश । साम कृण्वन्त्सामन्यो विपश्चित्क्रन्दन्नेत्यभि सख्युर्न जामिम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 9.96.22

Transliteration

prā́sya dhā́rā bṛhatī́r asṛgran aktó góbhih kalaśā́m̐ ā́ viveśa | sā́ma kṛṇvā́nt sāmanyó vipaścit krándann ety abhí sakhyúr ná jāmím ||

Translation

Từ Ngài, những dòng chảy vĩ đại tuôn ra; được xức bằng các tia sáng, Ngài đi vào các vò. Tạo nên thánh ca—bậc chủ của hòa điệu, vị tiên tri minh triết—kêu vang mà tiến về người thân, như tiến về một bằng hữu.

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Word by Word

• प्रास्य: he/it cast forth, sent out
• प्रास्य: Kriyā (main verb) / Kartṛ relates to implied Soma
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + √अस् (अस्यति) / alternatively √अस् (क्षेपणे) with प्र-

• धाराः: streams, flows
• धाराः: Kartā (of ‘flow/are sent’) / subject of the action
• Type: Noun
• Root: धारा (from √धृ ‘to hold/flow’, stream)

• बृहतीः: great, lofty
• बृहतीः: Viśeṣaṇa of धाराः
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बृहती (from √बृह् ‘to be great’)

• असृग्रन्: they streamed forth / were let loose
• असृग्रन्: Kriyā (with धाराः as kartā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सृज् (सृजति) ‘to let go, send forth’

• नक्तः: at night
• नक्तः: Adhikaraṇa (time)
• Type: Noun (temporal) / Adverbial use
• Root: नक्त (night)

• गोभिः: with cows / with milk
• गोभिः: Karaṇa (means/with)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (cow; also ‘milk’)

• कलशान्: the jars, vessels
• कलशान्: Karma (goal/object of entering)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलश (vessel, jar)

• आ: into, towards
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (preverb) / indeclinable

• विवेश: entered
• विवेश: Kriyā (main verb of 2nd hemistich); Kartṛ implied Soma
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + √विश् (वेवेश/विवेश) ‘to enter’

• साम: a sāman-chant
• साम: Karma (what is made/performed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सामन् (Sāman; chant)

• कृण्वन्त्सामन्यः: the sāman-singer making/performing the chant
• कृण्वन्त्सामन्यः: Kartā (the chanter who acts)
• Type: Kṛdanta (participle) + Noun/Adj
• Root: √कृ (कृणोति) + present participle; सामन्य (sāman-singer/chanter; prātipadika)

• विपश्चित्: the wise, discerning
• विपश्चित्: Viśeṣaṇa of (implied) agent, esp. the singer/Soma
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: विपश्चित् (वि + √पश् ‘to see’ → ‘clear-seeing, wise’)

• क्रन्दन्: crying out, resounding
• क्रन्दन्: Kartā (concomitant action of the mover/enterer)
• Type: Kṛdanta (participle)
• Root: √क्रन्द् (क्रन्दति) ‘to cry out, resound’

• एति: goes
• एति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √इ (एति) ‘to go’

• अभि: towards
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (preverb/indeclinable)

• सख्युः: of (his) friend
• सख्युः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (relation: ‘of the friend’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (friend)

• न: like
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle of comparison)

• जामिम्: a kinsman, close relation
• जामिम्: Karma / upamā-object in comparison
• Type: Noun
• Root: जामि (kinsman, one of the same family; intimate)