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Rig Veda 8.4.1: Mandala 8, Sukta 4, Mantra 1

Sukta 8.4

Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage; Kaṇvāḥ)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)

यदिन्द्र प्रागपागुदङ्न्यग्वा हूयसे नृभिः । सिमा पुरू नृषूतो अस्यानवेऽसि प्रशर्ध तुर्वशे ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.4.1

yád indra prā́g apā́g údaṅ nyàg vā hūyáse nṛ́bhiḥ | símā purū́ nṛ-sū́to asyā́nave ’si praśardha turváśe ||

Hỡi Indra, dù người đời gọi Ngài từ phương đông hay phương tây, từ trên cao hay dưới thấp; Ngài quả thật là “kẻ nhiều mà một”, sinh từ sức lực linh hồn của con người. Ngài là đấng xung kích chiến thắng cho người tìm cầu—xin đến như sức mạnh khải hoàn cho Turvaśa, linh hồn đang nỗ lực vươn lên.

यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र
प्राक्forward, eastward
प्राक्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्राक्
अपाक्backward, westward
अपाक्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपाक्
उदक्upward, northward
उदक्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउदक्
न्यक्downward
न्यक्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन्यक्
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
हूयसेyou are invoked / called
हूयसे:
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वा (ह्वयति)
नृभिःby men
नृभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootनृ
सिमाindeed, just
सिमा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसिम
पुरूmuch, many
पुरू:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरु
नृषूतःimpelled/stirred by men
नृषूतः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (past participial)
Rootनृ + √सू (सवति) → नृषूत
असिyou are
असि:
TypeVerb
Root√अस्
अस्यof this
अस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (pronoun)
अनवेin support / following
अनवे:
TypeIndeclinable (preverb used adverbially)
Rootअनु
प्रशर्धattack, press on, be aggressive
प्रशर्ध:
TypeVerb
Root√शर्ध् (शर्धति)
तुर्वशेfor (the) Turvaśa
तुर्वशे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun (tribal name)
Rootतुर्वश

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