Rig Veda 7.4.6: Mandala 7, Sukta 4, Mantra 6

Sukta 7.4

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ईशे ह्यग्निरमृतस्य भूरेरीशे रायः सुवीर्यस्य दातोः । मा त्वा वयं सहसावन्नवीरा माप्सवः परि षदाम मादुवः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 7.4.6

Transliteration

ī́śe hy agnír amṛ́tasya bhū́rer ī́śe rāyáḥ su-vī́ryasya dā́toḥ | mā tvā vayaṃ sahasāvan avī́rā mā́psavaḥ pári sadāma mā́duvaḥ ||

Translation

Agni quả thật là chủ tể của sự bất tử dồi dào (amṛta); Ngài cũng là chủ tể của Đấng ban phát của cải và sự sung mãn của sức mạnh anh hùng. Ôi bậc đầy uy lực (sahasāvan), xin đừng để chúng con đến gần Ngài khi thiếu những “anh hùng nội tâm” (avīra); xin đừng để chúng con ngồi quanh Ngài như kẻ bất lực hay lầm lạc (aduvaḥ).

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Word by Word

• ईशे: rules, is lord of
• ईशे: (kriyā) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईश् (dhātu) / ईशे (tiṅanta from √ईश्)

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• अग्निः: Agni (fire-god)
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (prātipadika)

• अमृतस्य: of immortality / of the immortal (nectar)
• अमृतस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमृत (prātipadika)

• भूरेः: of abundance, of much (wealth)
• भूरेः: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: भूरि (prātipadika)

• ईशे: rules, is lord of
• ईशे: (kriyā) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईश् (dhātu)

• रायः: of wealth
• रायः: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राय्/राय (prātipadika: रयि/राय ‘wealth’)

• सुवीर्यस्य: of good heroism / excellent manly power
• सुवीर्यस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु-वीर्य (prātipadika)

• दातोः: of the giver
• दातोः: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दातृ (prātipadika; agent noun from √दा ‘to give’)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (pronoun)

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (pronoun)

• सहसावन्: O mighty one
• सहसावन्: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet)
• Root: सहसावन् (prātipadika; possessive adj. from सहस् ‘might’)

• अवीराः: unheroic, without heroes/men
• अवीराः: Kartṛ-sāmānādhikaraṇya (predicate of ‘we’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-वीर (prātipadika)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा

• अप्सवः: in the waters
• अप्सवः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्सु (locative plural of अप् ‘waters’) → apsu; with -वः as Vedic enclitic/metrical extension in pada-text tradition

• परि: around, about
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि

• षदाम: (let us) sit, settle
• षदाम: (kriyā) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सद् (dhātu)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा

• अदुवः: ungiving, withholding (of offerings)
• अदुवः: Kartṛ-sāmānādhikaraṇya (predicate of ‘we’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-दु (prātipadika; Vedic adj. ‘not giving/withholding’, from √दा/दु- semantic field)