Rig Veda 5.20.2: Mandala 5, Sukta 20, Mantra 2

Sukta 5.20

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Gayatri (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ये अग्ने नेरयन्ति ते वृद्धा उग्रस्य शवसः । अप द्वेषो अप ह्वरोऽन्यव्रतस्य सश्चिरे ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 5.20.2

Transliteration

yé agne né rayanti te vṛ́ddhā ugrásya śávasaḥ | ápa dvéṣo ápa hváro 'nyavratásya saścire ||

Translation

Hỡi Agni, những kẻ không thúc Ngài tiến lên—dẫu đã lớn mạnh trong sức mạnh dữ dội của quyền năng Ngài—đã rơi khỏi đường: rơi vào thù ghét, vào quanh co và mê lầm, trôi theo lối của kẻ theo một luật khác.

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Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika ‘ya-’)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: (Sambodhana)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (prātipadika)

• नेरयन्ति: they impel / set in motion
• नेरयन्ति: (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नीरय्/नेरय् (causative of √ईर्/√इर् ‘to set in motion, impel’)

• ते: you (thee)
• ते: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• वृद्धाः: grown/strong, mighty
• वृद्धाः: Kartā (apposition to ये)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृद्ध (prātipadika; PPP of √वृध् ‘to grow, increase’)

• उग्रस्य: of the fierce
• उग्रस्य: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्र (prātipadika)

• शवसः: of might/power
• शवसः: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शवस् (prātipadika)

• अप: away, off
• अप: (Upasarga to implied verbal idea ‘remove/drive away’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अप (avyaya)

• द्वेषः: hatred, hostility
• द्वेषः: Karma (thing to be removed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वेषस् (prātipadika)

• अप: away
• अप: (Upasarga)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अप (avyaya)

• ह्वरः: crookedness, deceit/defect
• ह्वरः: Karma (thing to be removed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ह्वर (prātipadika)

• अन्यव्रतस्य: of one of alien/other observance (hostile/outsider)
• अन्यव्रतस्य: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: अन्य-व्रत (tatpuruṣa prātipadika)

• सश्चिरे: they have followed/attached themselves
• सश्चिरे: (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सच् (to accompany, follow, attach oneself)