Rig Veda 4.56.6: Mandala 4, Sukta 56, Mantra 6
Sukta 4.56
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (hymn-cycle attribution)
Devata: Paired sovereign powers associated with ṛta (Mitra–Varuṇa / Ādityas in dual function)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs full metric verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
पुनाने तन्वा मिथः स्वेन दक्षेण राजथः । ऊह्याथे सनादृतम् ॥
Transliteration
punāné tanvā́ mitháḥ svéna dákṣeṇa rājathaḥ | ūhyā́the sanā́d ṛtám ||
Translation
Hai Ngài tự thanh tẩy trong chính bản thể mình, và thanh tẩy lẫn nhau; bằng năng lực phân định bẩm sinh (dakṣa), hai Ngài trị vì. Hai Ngài mang và nâng đỡ từ thuở xưa Chân lý–Trật tự, tức ṛta, pháp tắc vĩnh hằng.
Word by Word
पुनाने(you two) being purified / purifying yourselves
पुनाने:
Kartā (कर्तृ-विशेषणम्) — ‘(तौ) शुद्ध्यमानौ’
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootपू (धातु, ‘पवने/शोधने’) → पुनान- (शतृ/शानच्-वर्तमान कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
तन्वाwith (your) body / with yourselves
तन्वा:
Karaṇa (करणम्) — ‘स्व-तनूना/स्वदेहेन’
TypeNoun
Rootतनू- (प्रातिपदिक ‘body, self’)
मिथःmutually, with one another
मिथः:
Adverbial (परस्पर-भावे) — क्रियाविशेषणम्
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमिथस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
स्वेनwith your own
स्वेन:
Karaṇa (करणम्) — ‘स्वेन … (दक्षेण)’
TypeAdjective (pronominal)
Rootस्व- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक ‘own’)
दक्षेणwith (your) skill/power
दक्षेण:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootदक्ष- (प्रातिपदिक ‘skill, power, ability’)
राजथःyou two shine / rule
राजथः:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया) — कर्ता: ‘पुनाने (तौ)’
TypeVerb
Rootराज् (धातु ‘दीप्तौ/राज्ये’)
ऊह्याथेyou two carry/bring (hither)
ऊह्याथे:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया) — कर्म-ग्रहणम् अपेक्षितम्
TypeVerb
Rootवह् (धातु ‘वहने/नयने’) with preverb आ- → आ-वह्; Vedic form ऊह्याथे
सनात्from of old, eternally
सनात्:
Adverbial (काल-विशेषणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसनात् (अव्यय ‘from of old, since ancient times’)
ऋतम्ṛta: truth/cosmic order
ऋतम्:
Karma (कर्म) — ‘ऊह्याथे’ इत्यस्य
TypeNoun
Rootऋत- (प्रातिपदिक ‘cosmic order, truth’)
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