Rig Veda 4.32.22: Mandala 4, Sukta 32, Mantra 22

Sukta 4.32

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Indra (with focus on his steeds/harīs, here babhrū)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र ते बभ्रू विचक्षण शंसामि गोषणो नपात् । माभ्यां गा अनु शिश्रथः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.32.22

Transliteration

prá te babhrū́ vicakṣaṇa śáṃsāmi goṣaṇo napāt | mā́bhyāṃ gā́ ánu śiśrathaḥ ||

Translation

Ta tuyên xưng đôi ngựa nâu đỏ của Ngài, hỡi bậc minh kiến, hậu duệ của niềm hoan lạc nơi đàn bò. Chớ để các tia sáng theo đôi ấy mà đi xa—xin cho chúng được giữ lại nơi đây vì chúng ta.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (pronoun)

• बभ्रू: O Babhru (the tawny one; epithet/name)
• बभ्रू: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative, proper/epithet)
• Root: बभ्रु (prātipadika)

• विचक्षण: O clear-sighted, discerning one
• विचक्षण: Sambodhana
• Type: Adjective (vocative)
• Root: वि-चक्षण (prātipadika < √चक्ष्/√चक्ष् ‘to see, perceive’)

• शंसामि: I praise, I proclaim
• शंसामि: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शंस्

• गोषणो: O winner of cows (wealth)
• गोषणो: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun/Adjective (vocative epithet)
• Root: गो-षणि/गो-षण (prātipadika; ‘winning cows/wealth’)

• नपात्: O offspring/descendant (Napat)
• नपात्: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: नपात् (prātipadika)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (particle)

• अभ्याम्: towards, against
• अभ्याम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (upasarga)

• गाः: cows
• गाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (prātipadika)

• अनु: along, after
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु (upasarga/avyaya)

• शिश्रथः: (you) should not loosen/let loose
• शिश्रथः: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √श्रथ् (to loosen, untie) with reduplication (intensive/perfect-like stem śi-śrath-)