Rig Veda 4.30.3: Mandala 4, Sukta 30, Mantra 3
Sukta 4.30
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional for Mandala 4); specific hymn attribution not provided in input
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Likely short meter; exact scan needed
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
विश्वे चनेदना त्वा देवास इन्द्र युयुधुः । यदहा नक्तमातिरः ॥
Transliteration
víśve canédanā tvā devā́sa indra yuyudhuḥ | yád áhā náktam ā́tiraḥ ||
Translation
Hỡi Indra, ngay cả các thần linh cũng từng tranh đua với Ngài, khi Ngài vượt qua cả ngày lẫn đêm.
Word by Word
विश्वेall (of them)
विश्वे:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक) सर्व
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
नेदनाrevilers/assailants
नेदना:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootनेदन (प्रातिपदिक) < √निद्/निन्द् (to revile/assail) (वेदिक)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
देवासःthe gods
देवासः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
युयुधुःthey fought
युयुधुः:
—
TypeVerb
Root√युध् (युधँ) to fight
यत्when/that
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable/Relative particle
Rootयद् (सम्बन्ध-प्रातिपदिक)
अहःby day / in the daytime
अहः:
अधिकरण (काल)
TypeNoun
Rootअहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
नक्तम्by night / at night
नक्तम्:
अधिकरण (काल)
TypeIndeclinable (temporal adverb)
Rootनक्तम् (अव्यय) < नक्त (प्रातिपदिक) night
आतिरःthe overcomer / one who crosses through
आतिरः:
कर्तृ (सम्बन्धवाक्ये)
TypeNoun/Agent noun
Rootआतिर (प्रातिपदिक) < √तॄ/तर् (to cross, overcome) (वेदिक)
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