Rig Veda 8.81.3: Mandala 8, Sukta 81, Mantra 3
Sukta 8.81
Devata: Indra
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
नहि त्वा शूर देवा न मर्तासो दित्सन्तम् । भीमं न गां वारयन्ते ॥
Transliteration
náhi tvā śūra devā́ ná mártāso dítsantam | bhīmáṃ ná gā́ṃ vā́rayante ||
Translation
None can hold thee back, O hero—neither gods nor mortals—when thou art resolved to give; as none can restrain a fearsome bull in its rush.
Word by Word
नहिsurely not / indeed not
नहि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनहि (न + हि)
त्वाyou (as object)
त्वा:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शूरO hero
शूर:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootशूर (प्रातिपदिक)
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
मर्तासःmortals
मर्तासः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
दित्सन्तम्(you) wishing to give / intending to bestow
दित्सन्तम्:
कर्म (त्वा-विशेषणम्)
TypeVerb-participle
Rootदा (धातु) → दित्स (desiderative stem)
भीमम्terrible, formidable
भीमम्:
कर्म (उपमान-रूपेण) / विशेष्य-विशेषणभावः
TypeAdjective
Rootभीम (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
गाम्a cow
गाम्:
कर्म (उपमान-रूपेण) / उपमेयस्य दृष्टान्तः
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
वारयन्तेthey ward off / restrain / keep back
वारयन्ते:
कर्तृ (देवाः/मर्तासः)
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (धातु) → वारय (causative stem)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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