Rig Veda 5.27.4: Mandala 5, Sukta 27, Mantra 4

Sukta 5.27

Devata: Agni (implicit hymn-context) and the power of Ṛc/Vāc; reference to aśvamedha as ritual frame

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यो म इति प्रवोचत्यश्वमेधाय सूरये । दददृचा सनिं यते ददन्मेधामृतायते ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.27.4

Transliteration

yó ma íti pra-vócati aśvámedhāya sūráye | dádad ṛcā́ saníṃ yaté dádhan medhā́m ṛtāyáté ||

Translation

He who proclaims ‘thus’ for me to the heroic one for the horse-sacrifice; giving by the ṛc the gain to the striver, giving the inspired intelligence to the one who moves in the truth.

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Word by Word

• यः: who (he who)
• यः: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• माम्: me
• माम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इति: thus, ‘so’
• इति: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• प्रवोचति: speaks forth, proclaims
• प्रवोचति: कर्तृ-क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (वदने) + प्र

• अश्वमेधाय: for the Aśvamedha (horse-sacrifice)
• अश्वमेधाय: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्वमेध (प्रातिपदिक; अश्व + मेध)

• सूरये: to the patron/lord (sūri)
• सूरये: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूरि (प्रातिपदिक)

• ददत्: giving
• ददत्: कर्तृ (प्रवोचति-कर्तुः सह) / क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (दाने)

• ऋचा: with a ṛc (hymn/verse)
• ऋचा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋच्/ऋचा (प्रातिपदिक)

• सनिम्: gain, prize
• सनिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सनि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘gain, prize’)

• यते: to the one who strives/seeks
• यते: कर्तृ-क्रिया (यः…)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यत् (प्रयत्ने/याचने) अथवा यम् (गत्यर्थ) — वैदिक प्रयोगे ‘यत’ = ‘strive/seek’

• ददन्: giving
• ददन्: कर्तृ (यः…)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (दाने)

• मेधाम्: wisdom, intelligence
• मेधाम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेधा (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋतायते: to the ṛta-seeker / one devoted to truth (ṛta)
• ऋतायते: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: ऋताय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘one devoted to ṛta/true order’)