Rig Veda 4.11.2: Mandala 4, Sukta 11, Mantra 2

Sukta 4.11

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; confirm by metrical scan)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वि षाह्यग्ने गृणते मनीषां खं वेपसा तुविजात स्तवानः । विश्वेभिर्यद्वावनः शुक्र देवैस्तन्नो रास्व सुमहो भूरि मन्म ॥

Transliteration

ví ṣā́hy agne gṛṇaté manīṣā́ṃ kháṃ vépasā tuvi-jāta stávānaḥ | víśvebhir yád vāvánāḥ śukra deváis tán no rāsva su-mahó bhū́ri mánma ||

Translation

Conquer forth, O Agni, for the singer’s inspired thought; shake the wide space with your vibrant power, O widely-born, as we praise you. Whatever luminous plenitude you win with all the gods—give that to us: a vast and abundant vision-thought.

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Word by Word

• वि: apart, forth, asunder (intensifier/dispersion)
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग)

• षाहि: overcome!, prevail!
• षाहि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: सह् (धातु) → (वेद.) षह्

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• गृणते: to the one who praises (you)
• गृणते: सम्प्रदान (यस्य कृते)
• Type: Verb (participle-like finite form)
• Root: गृ (धातु) / गृण् (वेद. स्तुति-)

• मनीषाम्: thought, inspired insight
• मनीषाम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनीषा (प्रातिपदिक)

• खम्: sky, space
• खम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: ख (प्रातिपदिक)

• वेपसा: with trembling/ardour; with vibrant power
• वेपसा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेपस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• तुविजात: O widely-born / of many births
• तुविजात: सम्बोधन-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुवि-जाता (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय) अथवा तुवि + जात (कृदन्त)

• स्तवानः: praising (being in praise)
• स्तवानः: कर्तृ
• Type: Participle
• Root: स्तु (धातु) → स्तवान (कृदन्त)

• विश्वेभिः: with all (of them)
• विश्वेभिः: करण/सहकार
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• यत्: that which
• यत्: कर्म/विषय (यद्-तद् सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• वावनः: the helper/impeller; the strengthening one
• वावनः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वावन् (प्रातिपदिक; वेद. ‘सहायक/प्रेरक/वर्धक’)

• शुक्र: O bright/pure one
• शुक्र: सम्बोधन-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुक्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवैः: with the gods
• देवैः: करण/सहकार
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• तत्: that
• तत्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• नः: to us / for us
• नः: सम्प्रदान (अस्मभ्यं)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• रास्व: grant!, give!
• रास्व: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: रा (धातु) ‘दाने’

• सु-महः: great good (greatness, great boon)
• सु-महः: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: सु- (उपसर्ग) + महस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• भूरि: much, abundant
• भूरि: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective/Indeclinable (quantifier)
• Root: भूरि (प्रातिपदिक)

• मन्म: thought, hymn, intention
• मन्म: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्मन्/मन्म (प्रातिपदिक)