Varaha Purana 2.53: Adhyaya 2, Shloka 53

Cosmogony and the Ninefold Creation: Rudra’s Origin and the Prelude to the Sāvitrī-Veda Narrative

Devanagari script

तत्र प्रियव्रतो राजा महायज्वा तपोबलः । स चेष्ट्वा विविधैर्यज्ञैर्विपुलैर्भूरिदक्षिणैः ॥ २.५२ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 2.53

Transliteration

tatra priyavrato rājā mahāyajvā tapobalaḥ | sa ceṣṭvā vividhair yajñair vipulair bhūridakṣiṇaiḥ || 2.52 ||

Translation

అక్కడ రాజు ప్రియవ్రతుడు మహాయజ్ఞకర్త, తపోబలసంపన్నుడు. అతడు విస్తారమైన, అనేక విధాల యజ్ఞాలను భూరిదక్షిణలతో నిర్వహించి, విధివిధానంగా ముందుకు సాగాడు.

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Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative setting)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (locative adverb)

• प्रियव्रतः: Priyavrata
• प्रियव्रतः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रियव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• राजा: king
• राजा: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• महायज्वा: great sacrificer
• महायज्वा: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महायज्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (adjective) राज्ञः; समासः: महा + यज्वन् (कर्मधारय)

• तपोबलः: one whose strength is austerity
• तपोबलः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तपस् + बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण; समासः: तपसः बलम् यस्य (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• इष्ट्वा: having performed (sacrifices)
• इष्ट्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), धातु: इष्/यज्-अर्थे (to worship/sacrifice), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal)

• विविधैः: various
• विविधैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (yajñaiḥ)

• यज्ञैः: with sacrifices
• यज्ञैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• विपुलैः: abundant, extensive
• विपुलैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विपुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (yajñaiḥ)

• भूरिदक्षिणैः: with plentiful gifts (as fees)
• भूरिदक्षिणैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भूरि + दक्षिणा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (yajñaiḥ); समासः: भूरि-दक्षिणा (बहुदक्षिणा) कर्मधारय

Speaker

Varāha (default framework; speaker not explicit in the fragment)

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇa Studies
• Vaishnavism
• Sanskrit Philology

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

The verse reflects a common Purāṇic literary motif: exemplary kings are characterized by both ritual patronage (yajña) and disciplined self-cultivation (tapas), offering a window into how later Sanskrit texts framed ideal sovereignty and social order.

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific geographic location is named in this verse; it functions as a narrative continuation marker (“tatra”, ‘there’) referring back to the prior context.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The implicit philosophical instruction emphasizes responsible kingship through disciplined conduct and public benefaction—here expressed as large-scale rites accompanied by generous, socially recognized gifting (dakṣiṇā).