Varaha Purana 18.2: Adhyaya 18, Shloka 2

The Origin of Fire and the Liturgical Names of Agni

Devanagari script

आदित्यचन्द्रमातॄणां दुर्गायाः वा दिशां तथा । धनदस्य च विष्णोर्वा धर्मस्य परमेष्ठिनः ॥ १८.२ ॥

Sanskrit recitationVaraha Purana 18.2

Transliteration

ādityacandramātṝṇāṃ durgāyā vā diśāṃ tathā | dhanadasya ca viṣṇor vā dharmasya parameṣṭhinaḥ || 18.2 ||

Translation

ఆదిత్యుడు, చంద్రుడు, మాతృదేవతలు, దుర్గ; అలాగే దిక్కులు; మరియు ధనదుడు (కుబేరుడు) గాని, విష్ణువు, ధర్ముడు, పరమేష్ఠి (బ్రహ్మ) గాని—ఈ దేవతల విషయముగా।

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Word by Word

• आदित्य-चन्द्र-मातॄणाम्: of the mothers of the Sun and Moon
• आदित्य-चन्द्र-मातॄणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य (प्रातिपदिक) + चन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) + मातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (मातृ-शब्दः), षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः आदित्यचन्द्र (द्वन्द्व/समाहार-भावः) + मातृ (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: ‘of the mothers of Āditya and Candra’)

• दुर्गायाः: of Durgā
• दुर्गायाः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (or)

• दिशाम्: of the directions
• दिशाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• तथा: likewise; also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: likewise/also)

• धनदस्य: of Dhanada (Kubera)
• धनदस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः धन+द (उपपद-तत्पुरुषः: ‘giver of wealth’, Kubera)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (and)

• विष्णोः: of Viṣṇu
• विष्णोः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (or)

• धर्मस्य: of Dharma
• धर्मस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• परमेष्ठिनः: of Parameṣṭhin (Brahmā)
• परमेष्ठिनः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परमेष्ठिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (इन्-प्रत्ययान्त)

Speaker

Varāha (default, speaker not explicit in the excerpt)

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Studies
• Vaiṣṇavism
• Indic Cosmology

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It preserves a typical Purāṇic liturgical register: enumerating major deities and cosmic guardians as objects of remembrance or invocation, reflecting shared ritual vocabulary across early medieval Sanskrit textual culture.

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific terrestrial location is named; the verse instead references cosmic directions (diśaḥ), a standard spatial framework in Indic cosmology and ritual orientation.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

Implicitly, the verse promotes disciplined remembrance/acknowledgment of cosmic order and its guardians (Dharma, directions, major deities), aligning personal conduct with a broader moral-cosmic framework rather than prescribing sectarian obligation.