Varaha Purana 116.29: Adhyaya 116, Shloka 29

An Exposition on the Causes of Happiness and Suffering

Devanagari script

पितरो यस्य तृप्यन्ति ततः सौख्यतरं नु किम् ॥ भोजनेषु प्रपन्नेषु यवान्नं यः प्रयच्छति ॥

Sanskrit recitationVaraha Purana 116.29

Transliteration

pitaro yasya tṛpyanti tataḥ saukhyataraṃ nu kim || bhojaneṣu prapanneṣu yavānnaṃ yaḥ prayacchati ||

Translation

ఎవరి వల్ల పితృదేవతలు తృప్తి చెందుతారో, దానికన్నా శ్రేయస్కరం మరేముంది? భోజనం కోరుతూ వచ్చినవారికి యవాన్నం (బార్లీ అన్నం) ఇచ్చేవాడు—దానికన్నా మేలైనది ఏముంది?

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Word by Word

• pitaraḥ: forefathers
• pitaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• yasya: whose
• yasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)

• tṛpyanti: are satisfied
• tṛpyanti: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tṛp (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद

• tataḥ: than that / from that
• tataḥ: Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान-अर्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), अव्यय-प्रकारः: अव्यय-प्रयोग (ablatival adverb)

• saukhyataram: more pleasant / happier
• saukhyataram: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: saukhyatara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; तुलनात्मक-विशेषण (comparative)

• nu: indeed?/then? (interrogative particle)
• nu: Sambodhana/Prashna-nipata (प्रश्न-निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle)

• kim: what
• kim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक (interrogative)

• bhojaneṣu: in meals / at feedings
• bhojaneṣu: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhojana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), बहुवचन

• prapanneṣu: when (they) have come/arrived (i.e., when meals are at hand)
• prapanneṣu: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prapanna (कृदन्त; प्र+पद् धातु, क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle)

• yava-annam: barley-food
• yava-annam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yava (प्रातिपदिक) + anna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): यवानाम् अन्नम्

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

• prayacchati: gives / offers
• prayacchati: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra+yam (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

Speaker

Varāha

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Śrāddha Contexts
• Purāṇic Ethics

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It preserves a common Purāṇic linkage between social giving and pitṛ-related obligations, offering insight into the ritual-ethical economy of household life.

Which geographic location is identified?

No location is specified; the verse concerns ritual-ethical themes (ancestors and food charity).

What is the primary ethical instruction?

To uphold obligations toward ancestors and to provide staple food to those in need.