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Valmiki Ramayana 2.108.3: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 108, Shloka 3

जाबाल्युपदेशः · Jabali’s Pragmatic Counsel to Rama

कः कस्य पुरुषो बन्धुः किमाप्यं कस्य केनचित् ।

यदेको जायते जन्तुरेक एव विनश्यति ॥३॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.108.3

kaḥ kasya puruṣo bandhuḥ kim āpyaṁ kasya kenacit |

yad eko jāyate jantur eka eva vinaśyati ||3||

ఎవరు ఎవరికీ నిజమైన బంధువు? ఎవరు ఎవరి నుండి నిజంగా ఏమి పొందగలరు? ఎందుకంటే జీవి ఒంటరిగా పుడతాడు, ఒంటరిగా నశిస్తాడు.

kaḥwho?
kaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
kasyaof whom/to whom
kasya:
Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसक, षष्ठी, एकवचन
puruṣaḥman/person
puruṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
bandhuḥkinsman/relative
bandhuḥ:
Pratijna/Predicate (विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootbandhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
kimwhat?
kim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (interrogative)
āpyamobtainable
āpyam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootāpya (प्रातिपदिक; from √āp ‘to obtain’)
Formभाव्य/साध्य-अर्थक (to be obtained); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; agreeing with kim
kasyaof whom/to whom
kasya:
Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी, एकवचन
kenacitby anyone
kenacit:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (करण/हेतु), एकवचन; ‘कश्चित्’ indefinite sense
yatsince/for that
yat:
Hetu-dyotaka (हेतु-द्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; यत्-सम्बन्धबोधक (relative particle ‘since/for the reason that’)
ekaḥalone/one
ekaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; qualifying जन्तुः
jāyateis born
jāyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√jan (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद
jantuḥcreature
jantuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjantu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ekaḥalone
ekaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; implied subject of vinaśyati
evaindeed/only
eva:
Avadharana (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
vinaśyatiperishes/dies
vinaśyati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√naś (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

Who is whose friend? who is to get what and from whom? Man is born alone and will die alone.

FAQs

It teaches vairāgya (detachment): recognizing the ultimate aloneness of birth and death helps one act without possessiveness and with clarity about duty.

Bharata argues philosophically with Rāma, pressing a view that worldly relations are not ultimately binding—part of a broader attempt to persuade Rāma regarding the kingdom.

Dispassion and philosophical austerity—seeing beyond social labels like ‘mine’ and ‘yours’.

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