Valmiki Ramayana 2.101.6: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 101, Shloka 6

भरतस्य धर्मनिश्चयः · Bharata Affirms Lineage

Dharma and Urges Rama’s Coronation

Spoken by Bharata to RamaSetting: Ayodhya (implied; the king’s passing upon Rama’s departure)Places named: Tridiva (heaven of the gods)Rama’s exile departure just commenced

Devanagari script

निष्क्रान्तमात्रे भवति ससीते सहलक्ष्मणे ।

दुःखशोकाभिभूतस्तु राजा त्रिदिवमभ्यगात् ॥६॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.101.6

Transliteration

niṣkrāntamātre bhavati sasīte sahalakṣmaṇe |

duḥkhaśokābhibhūtas tu rājā tridivam abhyagāt ||6||

Translation

హే రామా! నీవు సీతా‑లక్ష్మణులతో బయలుదేరిన వెంటనే, దుఃఖశోకాలకు లోనైన రాజు దేవలోకానికి వెళ్లిపోయాడు।

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Word by Word

• niṣkrāntamātre: when (you had) just departed
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niṣkrānta-mātra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga/Napuṃsaka, Saptamī (Locative), Ekavacana; samāsa: niṣkrānta (departed) + mātra (just)
• Role: Sati-saptamī (सति-सप्तमी)
• Compound: Tatpurusha

• bhavati: (it) happened; (you) were
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ lakāra (Present), Prathama puruṣa, Ekavacana; used in locative-absolute sense 'when it happened'
• Role: Kriyā (क्रिया)

• sa-sīte: when (you were) with Sītā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa-sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī (Locative), Ekavacana; bahuvrīhi: 'having Sītā (with him)'
• Role: Sati-saptamī (सति-सप्तमी)
• Compound: Bahuvrihi

• saha-lakṣmaṇe: when (you were) with Lakṣmaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: saha-lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī (Locative), Ekavacana; bahuvrīhi: 'having Lakṣmaṇa (with him)'
• Role: Sati-saptamī (सति-सप्तमी)
• Compound: Bahuvrihi

• duḥkhaśokābhibhūtaḥ: overcome by grief and sorrow
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duḥkha-śoka-abhibhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; kta-participle from abhi-bhū; compound: duḥkha+śoka+abhibhūta
• Role: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Compound: Tatpurusha

• tu: then; indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)

• rājā: the king
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)

• tridivam: to heaven
• Type: Noun
• Root: tridiva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; samāsa: tri + diva = 'three heavens' i.e., heaven
• Role: Karma (कर्म)
• Compound: Tatpurusha

• abhyagāt: went up; departed
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-gam (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ lakāra (Aorist), Prathama puruṣa, Ekavacana; Parasmaipada
• Role: Kriyā (क्रिया)

Sandhi Notes

• sasīte→sa-sīte
• sahalakṣmaṇe→saha-lakṣmaṇe
• tridivamabhyagāt→tridivam abhyagāt

Context

As soon as you set out for the forest along with Sita and Lakshmana, the king, overwhelmed with grief, attained heaven.

The teaching

Even when dharma is followed, outcomes may be painful; attachment (saṅga) intensifies suffering—yet truth-keeping remains the axis of righteousness.

Duties in tension

• Rama’s duty to obey father’s word/boon (satya, pitṛ-vākya) vs duty to protect father’s life/comfort
• King’s duty as ruler vs personal attachment to son

Ethical theme

Pitṛ-dharma and satya-vrata under duḥkha

How it resolves

Tragic consequence of dharma upheld amid adharma-triggered circumstances

For your practice

Contemplation on impermanence and offering actions without clinging; remembrance of Rama as dharma-incarnate amid sorrow.

Mood and themes

Rasa

Karuna (compassion), with Shanta (peace)

Mood

Bereavement, sudden rupture, lament

Themes

• Dharma
• Family Duty
• Itihasa
• Ethics
• Grief
• Separation

Symbolism

Relationships

Cross references

Meter and recitation

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Sītā
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Daśaratha
• Tridiva (heaven)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma-bound choices can still bring intense personal suffering; the epic highlights the human cost borne by families when duty is upheld.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata explains that Daśaratha died almost immediately after Rama departed for exile with Sītā and Lakṣmaṇa.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s dutiful endurance is implied, while Daśaratha’s deep paternal attachment is foregrounded.