Rig Veda 10.174.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 174, Mantra 2
Sukta 10.174
Rishi: Same hymn context as 10.174 (see note on edition-specific Anukramaṇī attribution).
Devata: Implied protective power aligned with Brahmaṇaspati/Indraic victory; the prayer-form addresses the conquering divine agency.
Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh (verify by metrical count per edition).
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अभिवृत्य सपत्नानभि या नो अरातयः । अभि पृतन्यन्तं तिष्ठाभि यो न इरस्यति ॥
Transliteration
abhivṛ́tya sapatnān abhí yā́ no árātayaḥ | abhí pṛtanyántaṃ tiṣṭhābhí yó na irasyáti ||
Translation
Envolvendo e subjugando os rivais — e os que nos são hostis —, permanece acima daquele que nos faz guerra; permanece acima de quem se enfurece contra nós, de quem quer nos ferir.
Word by Word
अभिवृत्यhaving turned against / having overcome
अभिवृत्य:
क्रियाविशेषण (मुख्य क्रियायाः पूर्वकर्म)
TypeVerb (gerund)
Rootअभि-√वृत् (वर्तते/वृणोति) → क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (abhi-vṛtya)
सपत्नान्rivals, adversaries
सपत्नान्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootसपत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिagainst, towards
अभि:
क्रियाविशेषण (दिशा/प्रवृत्ति)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/preposition)
Rootअभि
याwho (those who)
या:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootय (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; यद्-श्रृंखला)
नःof us / to us
नः:
सम्बन्ध/सम्प्रदान (संदर्भानुसार)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अरातयःharms, hostilities, injurious acts
अरातयः:
कर्तृ (या … अरातयः)
TypeNoun
Rootअराति (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिagainst
अभि:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/preposition)
Rootअभि
पृतन्यन्तम्the one fighting / waging battle
पृतन्यन्तम्:
कर्म (अभि … तिष्ठ)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√पृतन्/पृतन्य (धातु: पृतन्यति ‘to fight, wage battle’)
तिष्ठstand (against)!
तिष्ठ:
मुख्य क्रिया (आज्ञा)
TypeVerb
Root√स्था (तिष्ठति)
अभिagainst
अभि:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/preposition)
Rootअभि
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootय (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; यद्-श्रृंखला)
नःof us / to us
नः:
सम्बन्ध/सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
इरस्यतिis hostile / envies
इरस्यति:
क्रिया (यः … इरस्यति)
TypeVerb
Root√ईर्ष्/ईरस् (Vedic: irasyati) ‘to be jealous, to envy, to be hostile’
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