Rig Veda 10.145.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 145, Mantra 3

Sukta 10.145

Devata: Self-assertion empowered by Oṣadhi/Charm (implicit); no single high devatā directly addressed

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उत्तराहमुत्तर उत्तरेदुत्तराभ्यः । अथा सपत्नी या ममाधरा साधराभ्यः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.145.3

Transliteration

uttárā́ham uttará uttáred úttarābhyaḥ | áthā sapátnī yā́ mamā́dharā sā́dharābhyaḥ ||

Translation

Eu estou acima — acima, sempre acima dos outros; e então a rival que está abaixo de mim ficará abaixo até dos de baixo — lançada aos níveis inferiores.

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Word by Word

• उत्तरा: (I am) the higher/upper (woman)
• उत्तरा: Kartā (elliptical: ‘I (am) the higher/upper one’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *up- ‘up, over’

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• उत्तरा: higher/upper
• उत्तरा: Kartā (elliptical repetition for emphasis)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत्तरे: (we) two are higher
• उत्तरे: Kartā (elliptical: ‘we two are higher’ / emphatic pairing)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत्: and/indeed; further
• उत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (particle)
• Root: उत् (निपात)

• उत्तराभ्यः: from/than the higher (women)
• उत्तराभ्यः: Apādāna (ablative sense: ‘from the higher ones’) / or relational (genitive: ‘of the higher ones’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)

• अथ: then/now
• अथ: —
• Type: Indeclinable (particle)
• Root: अथ (निपात)

• सपत्नी: co-wife; rival wife
• सपत्नी: Kartā (of the relative clause with implied ‘is’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सपत्नी (प्रातिपदिक: स- + पत्नी)

• या: who
• या: Kartā (relative: ‘who’)
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मम: of me; my
• मम: सम्बन्ध (genitival relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अधरा: lower; inferior
• अधरा: Kartā (predicate adjective with implied ‘is’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अधर (प्रातिपदिक)

• सा: she
• सा: Kartā (resumptive: ‘she’)
• Type: Demonstrative pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अधराभ्यः: from/than the lower (women)
• अधराभ्यः: Apādāna (ablative: ‘from/below the lower ones’) / or relational (genitive)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अधर (प्रातिपदिक)