Rig Veda 1.164.32: Mandala 1, Sukta 164, Mantra 32
Sukta 1.164
Rishi: Dīrghatamas Āucathya
Devata: Brahmanic riddle of creation/knowledge; Nirr̥ti appears as a limiting power
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
य ईं चकार न सो अस्य वेद य ईं ददर्श हिरुगिन्नु तस्मात् । स मातुर्योना परिवीतो अन्तर्बहुप्रजा निॠतिमा विवेश ॥
Transliteration
yá īṁ cakā́ra ná sá asyá veda yá īṁ dadárśa híruk ín nu tásmāt | sá mātúr yónā pári-vīto antár bahu-prajā́ níḥ-ṛ́tim ā́ viveśa ||
Translation
Aquele que o moldou não o conhece; aquele que o viu dele se afastou. Envolto no seio da Mãe, rico em nascimentos, ele entra em Nirṛti — dissolução, perdição.
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Kartā (सम्बन्ध-कर्ता; यः = ‘he who’)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ईम्indeed; him/it (enclitic emphatic/accusative particle)
ईम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootईम् (निपात/अव्यय)
चकारmade; did
चकार:
Kartā-क्रिया (यः … चकार = ‘who made/did’)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā (न … वेद इत्यस्य कर्ता)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्यof this; of it
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of this/its’)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वेदknows
वेद:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (धातु)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā (यः … ददर्श)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ईम्indeed; him/it
ईम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootईम् (निपात/अव्यय)
ददर्शsaw
ददर्श:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
हिरुक्Hiruk (a mysterious being/thing; lit. ‘golden/gleaming one’ in RV usage)
हिरुक्:
Kartā/विषय (ददर्श इत्यस्य—‘the Hiruk (mysterious being/thing)’)
TypeNoun
Rootहिरुक् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘हिरुक्/हिरुग्’ RV-शब्दः)
इत्just; indeed
इत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (निपात)
नुnow; indeed
नु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु (निपात)
तस्मात्from him/that
तस्मात्:
Apādāna (ablative: ‘from him/that’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā (… विवेश इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मातुःof (his/the) mother
मातुः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of the mother’)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
योनौin the womb; in the birthplace
योनौ:
Adhikaraṇa (location: ‘in the womb’)
TypeNoun
Rootयोनि (प्रातिपदिक)
परिवीतःwrapped around; enclosed
परिवीतः:
Kartṛ-विशेषण (सः … परिवीतः)
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Rootपरि-वी (धातु) → क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; प्रातिपदिक: परिवीत
अन्तःinside
अन्तः:
Adhikaraṇa-निर्देशक (inside)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्तः (अव्यय/उपसर्गवत्)
बहुप्रजाःhaving many offspring; much-progenied
बहुप्रजाः:
Kartṛ-विशेषण (सः … बहुप्रजाः)
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु-प्रजा (समास; प्रजा-प्रातिपदिक)
निऋतिम्Nirṛti (goddess of dissolution/decay); destruction
निऋतिम्:
Karma (object of ‘entered’)
TypeNoun
Rootनिऋति (प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards; into
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
विवेशentered
विवेश:
क्रिया (प्रवेश-कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootविश् (धातु) + वि- (उपसर्ग)
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