Previous Verse
Next Verse

Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 80, Shloka 3

मर्गनिर्माणम्

Roadworks and the Royal Route Prepared for Bharata

अथ भूमिप्रदेशज्ञास्सूत्रकर्मविशारदाः।स्वकर्माभिरताश्शूराः खनका यन्त्रकास्तथा।।2.80.1।।कर्मान्तिकाः स्थपतयः पुरुष यन्त्रकोविदाः।तथा वार्धकयश्चैव मार्गिणो वृक्षतक्षकाः।।2.80.2।।कूपकारास्सुधाकारार्वंशकर्मकृतस्तथा।समर्था ये च द्रष्टारः पुरतस्ते प्रतस्थिरे।।2.80.3।।

kūpakārāḥ sudhākārā vaṃśakarmakṛtas tathā | samarthā ye ca draṣṭāraḥ puratas te pratasthire ||

Cavadores de poços, estucadores e trabalhadores do bambu também—juntamente com supervisores competentes—partiram à frente para fiscalizar e concluir os preparativos.

kūpakārāḥwell-makers / well-diggers
kūpakārāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkūpakāra (प्रातिपदिक) = kūpa + kāra
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative, 1st case), Bahuvacana (Plural); tatpuruṣa: kūpasya kāraḥ (maker of wells)
sudhākārāḥplasterers / whitewashers
sudhākārāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsudhākāra (प्रातिपदिक) = sudhā + kāra
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; tatpuruṣa: sudhāyāḥ kāraḥ (maker of plaster/whitewash)
vaṃśa-karmakṛtaḥbamboo-workers / basket-makers
vaṃśa-karmakṛtaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvaṃśa + karma + kṛt (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; kṛt-pratyaya: kṛt (कृत्, past participial agent-noun) from √kṛ (कृ, to do/make); tatpuruṣa: vaṃśasya karma (bamboo-work) + kṛt (doer)
tathāalso / likewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction/adverb (समुच्चय/अन्वय) meaning 'also/likewise'
samarthāḥcompetent
samarthāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootsamartha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; viśeṣaṇa (adjective) qualifying the following group (ye...draṣṭāraḥ)
yewho / those who
ye:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद्-प्रातिपदिक, sarvanāma)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; relative pronoun (सम्बन्धक सर्वनाम)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चय)
draṣṭāraḥoverseers / supervisors
draṣṭāraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdraṣṭṛ (द्रष्टृ-प्रातिपदिक, agent noun from √dṛś)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; agent noun (कर्तृवाचक) from √dṛś (दृश्, to see/oversee)
purataḥin front / ahead
purataḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpurataḥ (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) of place meaning 'in front/ahead'
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद्-प्रातिपदिक, sarvanāma)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; demonstrative pronoun
pratasthireset out / departed
pratasthire:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + √sthā (स्था, to stand/go)
FormLiṭ lakāra (Perfect), Prathama puruṣa (3rd person), Bahuvacana (Plural); parasmaipada; meaning 'set out/started forth'

They heaped sand and dug moats around the restingplace. It was adorned with wellbuilt highways and broad thoroughfares, lined with mansions surrounded by walls as high as mount Indrakeela. The peaks of those tall residences decorated with flags which looked as if spreading into the sky. (Thus the restingplace) shone like the abode of Indra.

FAQs

Duty performed through accountability: competent supervision and specialized skills ensure that public tasks are done properly and ethically, without negligence.

More specialist trades and supervisors are mobilized and sent ahead so the route and facilities are ready before the main crowd arrives.

Reliability and responsibility in state service—work is organized with oversight and competence.