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Valmiki Ramayana 2.43.19: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 43, Shloka 19

कौशल्याविलापः

Kausalya’s Lament and the Vision of Rama’s Return

न हि तावद्गुणैर्जुष्टं सर्वशास्त्रविशारदम्।एकपुत्रा विना पुत्रमहं जीवितुमुत्सहे।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.43.19

na hi tāvad guṇair juṣṭaṃ sarvaśāstraviśāradaṃ |

ekaputrā vinā putram ahaṃ jīvitum utsahe ||

Eu — que tenho apenas este único filho — não posso suportar viver sem ele: um filho dotado de tais virtudes e perito em todos os śāstras.

not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle: indeed/for)
तावत्so much/such
तावत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/degree)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottāvat (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
Formपरिमाणवाचक-अव्यय (so much/such)
गुणैःwith virtues
गुणैः:
Karana (करण/with)
TypeNoun
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
जुष्टम्endowed with
जुष्टम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootjuṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक; √juṣ)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of पुत्रम्)
सर्व-शास्त्र-विशारदम्skilled in all scriptures
सर्व-शास्त्र-विशारदम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक) + śāstra (प्रातिपदिक) + viśārada (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सर्वेषु शास्त्रेषु विशारदः)
एक-पुत्राhaving only one son
एक-पुत्रा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rooteka (संख्या) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of अहम्) (having one son)
विनाwithout
विना:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/without)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvinā (अव्यय)
Formवियोगार्थक-अव्यय (preposition-like; governs accusative)
पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object of ‘without’)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
जीवितुम्to live
जीवितुम्:
Karma (कर्म/Complement of ‘utsahe’)
TypeVerb
Root√jīv (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), क्रियार्थक
उत्सहेI am able/dare
उत्सहे:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootud-√sah (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपदम्; न + उत्सहे = ‘I do not have the heart’

It would have been better had I offered her my son as a slave. He would have lived on in the house by doing his duties and begging his food in the city.

R
Rama (implied)

FAQs

Dharma esteems inner virtue and disciplined learning; the pain arises because a truly dharmic person (Rama) is made to suffer unjustly, showing how adharma wounds both society and family.

Kausalya tells Dasharatha she cannot survive Rama’s absence, stressing his exceptional virtues and learning.

Rama’s guṇa (character excellence) and śāstra-jñāna (trained wisdom), qualities expected of an ideal ruler.

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