Valmiki Ramayana 2.19.37: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 19, Shloka 37

एकोनविंशः सर्गः (Sarga 19): Rāma’s Unshaken Acceptance of Exile and Kaikeyī’s Urgency

Devanagari script

उचितं च महाबाहुर्नजहौहर्षमात्मनः।शारद स्समुदीर्णांशुश्चन्द्रस्तेज इवात्मजम्।।2.19.37।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.19.37

Transliteration

ucitaṃ ca mahābāhur na jahau harṣam ātmanaḥ |

śāradaḥ samudīrṇāṃśuś candras teja ivātmajam || 2.19.37 ||

Translation

Rama, de braços poderosos, não abandonou a alegria condizente com sua natureza — assim como a lua de outono, plena de raios, não renuncia à sua luz própria.

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Word by Word

• वाचा: with speech/words
• वाचा: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• मधुरया: sweet
• मधुरया: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मधुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies वाचा)

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सर्वम्: all
• सर्वम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies जनम् as ‘all people’)

• सम्मानयन्: honouring
• सम्मानयन्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Concomitant action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+मान् (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान कृदन्त (शतृ/Present active participle); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (agreeing with रामः)

• जनम्: people
• जनम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• मातुः: of (his) mother
• मातुः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• समीपम्: near/presence
• समीपम्: Karma (कर्म/Goal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समीप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; गत्यर्थकर्म (goal)

• धीरात्मा: firm-minded
• धीरात्मा: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धीर+आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय समास: धीरः आत्मा यस्य; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (qualifies रामः)

• प्रविवेश: entered
• प्रविवेश: Kriyā (क्रिया/Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र+विश् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• महायशाः: greatly renowned
• महायशाः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा+यशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय समास: महत् यशः यस्य; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (qualifies रामः)

Context

All the glorious people around him did not observe any change in the countenance of that dignified and truthful Rama.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Moon (candra)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is stable character: righteousness is not merely reaction to fortune but a cultivated nature, which remains luminous even when circumstances darken.

What is the narrative situation?

In the midst of the sudden collapse of coronation hopes, the narration stresses that Rama’s natural composure and appropriate serenity remain intact.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steady-mindedness and gentle strength (dhairya with saumyatā), symbolized by the moon’s unbroken radiance.