Varaha Purana 13.39: Adhyaya 13, Shloka 39

The Genealogy of the Pitṛs and the Determination of Śrāddha Times

Devanagari script

अमावस्या यदा पुष्ये रौद्रेऽथार्क्षे पुनर्वसौ । द्वादशाब्दं तथा तृप्तिं प्रयान्ति पितरोऽर्च्चिताः ॥ १३.३९ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 13.39

Transliteration

amāvasyā yadā puṣye raudre ’thārkṣe punarvasau | dvādaśābdaṃ tathā tṛptiṃ prayānti pitaro ’rccitāḥ || 13.39 ||

Translation

ਜਦੋਂ ਅਮਾਵਸ ਪੁਸ਼੍ਯ, ਰੌਦ੍ਰ, ਆਰਕ੍ਸ਼ ਜਾਂ ਪੁਨਰਵਸੂ ਨਕਸ਼ਤਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਵੇ, ਤਦੋਂ ਵਿਧੀ ਨਾਲ ਸਨਮਾਨਿਤ ਪਿਤਰ ਬਾਰਾਂ ਵਰ੍ਹਿਆਂ ਤੱਕ ਤ੍ਰਿਪਤੀ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ।

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Word by Word

• amāvasyā: new-moon day
• amāvasyā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: amāvasyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• yadā: when
• yadā: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable (अव्यय); temporal adverb

• puṣye: in Puṣya (nakṣatra)
• puṣye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); nakṣatra-name

• raudre: in Raudra (nakṣatra)
• raudre: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); nakṣatra-name (Raudra/Ārdrā tradition)

• atha: and/then
• atha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable (अव्यय); particle/conjunction (निपात)

• arkṣe: in Arkṣa (nakṣatra)
• arkṣe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: arkṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); nakṣatra-name (Ārṣa)

• punarvasau: in Punarvasu (nakṣatra)
• punarvasau: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: punarvasu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); nakṣatra-name

• dvādaśa-abdam: for twelve years
• dvādaśa-abdam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dvādaśa (प्रातिपदिक) + abda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); द्विगुसमासः—द्वादश + अब्द; tṛptim-विशेषणम् (कालपरिमाण)

• tathā: thus/likewise
• tathā: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable (अव्यय); adverb

• tṛptim: satisfaction
• tṛptim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tṛpti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• prayānti: attain/go to
• prayānti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-yā (या धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)

• pitaraḥ: the ancestors
• pitaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• arcitāḥ: honoured/worshipped
• arcitāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: arc (अर्च् धातु)
• Form: Past Passive Participle (क्त/कृत), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); pitaraḥ-विशेषणम्

Speaker

Varāha (default speaker per dialogue framework)

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Studies
• Dharmaśāstra Interface
• Vaishnavism

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It reflects a Purāṇic synthesis of ritual timing (tithi–nakṣatra coordination) with ancestral observances, aligning popular devotional practice with calendrical astronomy found across late-ancient Sanskrit ritual literature.

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific geographic site is named in this verse; it is primarily calendrical (tithi and nakṣatra) rather than place-based sacred geography.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse emphasizes conscientious remembrance and honoring of ancestors through properly timed rites, presenting this as a cultural-ethical duty linked to familial continuity and gratitude.