Rig Veda 1.49.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 49, Mantra 3
Sukta 1.49
Rishi: Praskaṇva Kāṇva (Kāṇva lineage)
Devata: Uṣas (Dawn)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable for RV 1.49; verse-level metrical confirmation recommended)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
वयश्चित्ते पतत्रिणो द्विपच्चतुष्पदर्जुनि । उषः प्रारन्नृतूँरनु दिवो अन्तेभ्यस्परि ॥
Transliteration
váyaś cit te patatríṇo dvipác cátuṣpad arjuni | uṣaḥ prá āran ṛtū́n ánu divó ántebhyaḥ pári ||
Translation
ਹੇ ਅਰਜੁਨੀ—ਉਜਲੀ ਉਸ਼ਾ, ਤੇਰੇ ਪਤਤ੍ਰੀ ਜੀਵ ਵੀ—ਦੁਇਪਦ ਤੇ ਚਤੁਸ਼ਪਦ—ਅੱਗੇ ਵਧਦੇ ਹਨ। ਉਸ਼ਾ, ਉਹ ਰਿਤ ਦੇ ਲਯਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਅਨੁਸਰਦੇ ਹੋਏ, ਦਿਉ ਦੇ ਦੂਰਲੇ ਕਿਨਾਰਿਆਂ ਤੋਂ ਚੱਕਰ ਲਾਂਦੇ ਹੋਏ ਅੱਗੇ ਫੈਲਦੇ ਹਨ।
Word by Word
वयःbird, winged creature (collective ‘the bird’)
वयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवयस्- (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *weyh₁- ‘vitality/strength’
चित्indeed, even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (अव्यय) < √चित् ‘to notice’ (particle)
तेof you, your
ते:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पतत्रिणःwinged ones, birds
पतत्रिणः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपतत्रिन्- (प्रातिपदिक) < पतत्र ‘wing’
द्विपत्two-footed
द्विपत्:
Kartā (as qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि- + पद् (प्रातिपदिक)
चतुष्पत्four-footed
चतुष्पत्:
Kartā (as qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्- + पद् (प्रातिपदिक)
अर्जुनिO Arjuni (O bright one)
अर्जुनि:
Sambोधन
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootअर्जुनि- (सम्बोधन-प्रातिपदिक; देवता/विशेषण-नाम) < अर्जुन ‘bright, white’
उषःDawn
उषः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootउषस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
अरन्they went, they moved
अरन्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√ऋ (ऋ गतौ) / Vedic aorist formation
ऋतून्the seasons, proper times
ऋतून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋतु- (प्रातिपदिक) < √ऋ ‘to fit, order’
अनुafter, following
अनु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
दिवःof/from the sky
दिवः:
Apādāna (with अन्तेभ्यः … परि) / Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ- (प्रातिपदिक) ‘sky, day’
अन्तेभ्यःfrom the ends/boundaries
अन्तेभ्यः:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त- (प्रातिपदिक) ‘end, boundary’
अस्परिaround, from all sides (encompassing)
अस्परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअस् + परि (Vedic sandhi of particle)
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