Atharva Veda 3.21.4: Kanda 3, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 21, Mantra 4

Sukta 21

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यो दे॒वो वि॒श्वाद् यमु॒ काम॑मा॒हुर्यं दा॒तारं॑ प्रतिगृ॒ह्णन्त॑मा॒हुः । यो धीरः॑ श॒क्रः प॑रि॒भूरदा॑भ्य॒स्तेभ्यो॑ अ॒ग्निभ्यो॑ हु॒तम॑स्त्वे॒तत्

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 3.21.4

IAST Transliteration

yó devó viśvā́d yám u kā́mam āhúr yáṁ dātā́ram pratigṛhṇántam āhúḥ | yó dhī́raḥ śakráḥ paribhū́r adā́bhyaḥ tébhyo agníbhyo hútam astv etát

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

The god whom from every side they call ‘Desire,’ whom they call the Giver that receiveth in return; who is wise, mighty, an over-lord, unconquerable—to those Fires let this oblation be offered.

Translation

ਜਿਸ ਦੇਵ ਨੂੰ ਹਰ ਪਾਸੇ ਤੋਂ ‘ਕਾਮ’ (ਇੱਛਾ) ਕਹਿ ਕੇ ਪੁਕਾਰਦੇ ਹਨ; ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰਤਿਦਾਨ ਸਵੀਕਾਰ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਾ ‘ਦਾਤਾ’ ਆਖਦੇ ਹਨ; ਜੋ ਧੀਰ, ਸ਼ਕਤੀਸ਼ਾਲੀ, ਪਰਿਭੂ (ਅਧਿਪਤੀ) ਅਤੇ ਅਦਾਭ੍ਯ (ਅਜਿੱਤ) ਹੈ—ਉਹਨਾਂ ਅਗਨੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਇਹ ਹੂਤ ਅਰਪਿਤ ਹੋਵੇ।

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Word by Word

• यः: who (he)
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवः: god, deity
• देवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वात्: from all (from everything)
• विश्वात्: Apādāna
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• यम्: whom
• यम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• कामम्: desire; wish
• कामम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक)

• आहुः: they have said / call
• आहुः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अह् (धातु)

• यम्: whom
• यम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• दातारम्: giver
• दातारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun (agent) / Adjective
• Root: दातृ (प्रातिपदिक; कर्तरि-तृन्) ← √दा (दाने)

• प्रतिगृह्णन्तम्: receiving; accepting
• प्रतिगृह्णन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Participle (present active) used adjectivally
• Root: प्रति-√ग्रह् (ग्रहणे) → गृह्णत् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)

• आहुः: they have said / call
• आहुः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अह् (धातु)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• धीरः: wise; steadfast
• धीरः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धीर (प्रातिपदिक)

• शक्रः: mighty one (Śakra)
• शक्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun / Adjective
• Root: शक्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• परिभूः: overpowering; surpassing
• परिभूः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (agent) / Adjective
• Root: परि-भू (प्रातिपदिक; उ-प्रत्यय) ← √भू (भवने)

• अदाभ्यः: unassailable; not to be deceived/overcome
• अदाभ्यः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-दाभ्य (प्रातिपदिक) ← √दभ् (हिंसादौ/दम्भे) न-प्रत्ययार्थे

• तेभ्यः: to them
• तेभ्यः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्निभ्यः: to the fires / to Agnis
• अग्निभ्यः: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• हुतम्: offered; oblation (offered)
• हुतम्: Karma
• Type: Past passive participle
• Root: हु (धातु) → हुत (क्त-प्रत्यय)

• अस्तु: let it be
• अस्तु: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (variable)

Devata: Agni (as Kāma/Dātṛ; functional epithets)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like (mixed)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shanta