Varaha Purana 75.60: Adhyaya 75, Shloka 60

Description of Jambūdvīpa: its regions, mountains, measurements, and cosmic structure

Devanagari script

भद्राश्वो भारतश्चैव केतुमालश्च पश्चिमे । उत्तरे कुरवश्चैव कृतपुण्यप्रतिश्रयाः ॥ ७५.६० ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 75.60

Transliteration

bhadrāśvo bhārataś caiva ketumālaś ca paścime | uttare kuravaś caiva kṛtapuṇyapratiśrayāḥ || 75.60 ||

Translation

Bhadrāśva dan Bhārata, serta Ketumāla di sebelah barat; dan juga kaum Kuru di sebelah utara—itulah tempat kediaman sebagai perlindungan bagi mereka yang telah memperoleh pahala kebajikan.

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Word by Word

• भद्राश्वः: Bhadrāśva (name of a region/varṣa)
• भद्राश्वः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भद्राश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• भारतः: Bhārata (Bhārata-varṣa)
• भारतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• एव: indeed/also
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-निपात (particle of emphasis)

• केतुमालः: Ketumāla (name of a region/varṣa)
• केतुमालः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: केतुमाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• पश्चिमे: in the west
• पश्चिमे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पश्चिम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन (Singular)

• उत्तरे: in the north
• उत्तरे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन (Singular)

• कुरवः: the Kurus
• कुरवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• एव: indeed/also
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-निपात (particle of emphasis)

• कृतपुण्यप्रतिश्रयाः: having a refuge/abode of acquired merit; dwelling in earned virtue
• कृतपुण्यप्रतिश्रयाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत-पुण्य-प्रतिश्रय (प्रातिपदिक); कृत (कृ-धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय) + पुण्य (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रतिश्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (adjective)

Speaker

Varāha

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Vaishnavism
• Ancient Geography

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It reflects Purāṇic cosmography by naming major regions (varṣas) and framing them as culturally meaningful spaces associated with merit, a common feature of early medieval Sanskrit encyclopedic literature.

Which geographic location is identified?

Bhārata is the most historically grounded term, commonly identified by scholars with the Indian subcontinent (Bhārata-varṣa) in Purāṇic geography; the other names (Bhadrāśva, Ketumāla, Uttara Kuru) function primarily within the broader cosmographic schema of Jambūdvīpa.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse associates “acquired merit” (kṛtapuṇya) with attaining supportive abodes (pratiśraya), expressing a moral-cosmological linkage between virtuous action and favorable existential conditions.