Varaha Purana 55.14: Adhyaya 55, Shloka 14

Observance of the Auspicious Dvādaśī Vow and the Sacred Account of the Kubjākāmra Tīrtha

Devanagari script

तन्मध्यमं सयुग्मं तु सर्वमाद्यं प्रदापयेत् । स्वशक्त्याभरणं चैव दरिद्रस्य स्वशक्तितः ॥ ५५.१४ ॥

Sanskrit recitationVaraha Purana 55.14

Transliteration

tanmadhyamaṃ sayugmaṃ tu sarvamādyaṃ pradāpayet | svaśaktyābharaṇaṃ caiva daridrasya svaśaktitaḥ || 55.14 ||

Translation

Hendaklah terlebih dahulu diberikan segala sesuatu yang berkualiti sederhana, dan dalam bentuk berpasangan. Dan hendaklah juga disediakan perhiasan kepada orang miskin, menurut kemampuan diri sendiri.

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Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; in compound sense ‘that’

• मध्यमम्: the middle (one)
• मध्यमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मध्यम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘middle/medium’ qualifying (gift set)

• तन्मध्यमम्: that middle (portion/item)
• तन्मध्यमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद्+मध्यम (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः—‘that (which is) middle’

• सयुग्मम्: together with a pair
• सयुग्मम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स+युग्म (प्रातिपदिक; सह-उपसर्गार्थ)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘with a pair’

• तु: then/but
• तु: Vākyasaṅgati (वाक्यसङ्गति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), emphasis/contrast

• सर्वम्: all/entire
• सर्वम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘all/entire’ qualifying ādyam

• आद्यम्: the first (one)
• आद्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘first/initial’

• सर्वम्-आद्यम्: the entire first (set)
• सर्वम्-आद्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व+आद्य (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः—‘the wholly first / the entire first set’

• प्रदापयेत्: should bestow
• प्रदापयेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र+√दा (धातु; दाने) [णिच् causative]
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच्—‘should cause to be given / should bestow’

• स्व: one’s own
• स्व: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: in compound; ‘one’s own’

• शक्त्या: by ability
• शक्त्या: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; instrumental ‘by (one’s) ability’

• आभरणम्: ornament
• आभरणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आभरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘ornament’

• स्वशक्त्या-आभरणम्: an ornament as per one’s means
• स्वशक्त्या-आभरणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्व+शक्ति+आभरण (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—‘ornament according to one’s ability’ (instrumental relation)

• च: and
• च: Vākyasaṅgati (वाक्यसङ्गति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Vākyasaṅgati (वाक्यसङ्गति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-निपात (emphasis)

• दरिद्रस्य: of the poor (person)
• दरिद्रस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दरिद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of a poor person’

• स्वशक्तितः: according to one’s means
• स्वशक्तितः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्व+शक्ति+तस् (अव्यय; तसिल्)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय; अव्ययीभाव-समासः—‘according to one’s ability’

Speaker

Varāha (default speaker per dialogue framework; not explicit in excerpt)

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Ethics
• Dāna (Charity)
• Vaishnavism

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It reflects a Purāṇic norm in which dāna (charitable giving) is framed as a regulated social ethic, emphasizing proportionality (giving within one’s means) and practical support for economically vulnerable people.

Which geographic location is identified?

No geographic location is named in this verse; it is a general prescriptive statement on charitable practice.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

To give charitably in an orderly manner and to support the poor with material assistance—here including ornaments—while calibrating the gift to one’s capacity (svaśakti).