Varaha Purana 33.16 — Adhyaya 33, Shloka 16

The Origin of Rudra, the Disruption of Dakṣa’s Sacrifice, and the Establishment of Paśupati

Devanagari script

देवा ऊचुः । नमो देवातिदेवाय त्रिनेत्राय महात्मने । रक्तपिङ्गलनेत्राय जटामुकुटधारिणे ॥ ३३.१६ ॥

Transliteration

devā ūcuḥ | namo devātidevāya trinet­rāya mahātmane | raktapiṅgalanetrāya jaṭāmukuṭadhāriṇe || 33.16 ||

Translation

Para dewa berkata: “Sembah sujud kepada Dewa yang melampaui segala dewa, yang bermata tiga, berjiwa agung; kepada-Nya yang bermata merah keemasan, dan yang mengenakan mahkota berupa jata (rambut gimbal suci).”

Word by Word

• devāḥ: the gods
• devāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ūcuḥ: said
• ūcuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)

• namaḥ: salutation
• namaḥ: Sambodhana/Address (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), interjection/obeisance particle (नमस्कारार्थक)

• devātidevāya: to the god beyond (all) gods
• devātidevāya: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva + ati + deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Dative (चतुर्थी/4), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/उपपद-तत्पुरुष sense: 'devasya atidevaḥ' (god beyond gods)

• trinet­rāya: to the three-eyed one
• trinet­rāya: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tri + netra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Dative (चतुर्थी/4), Singular (एकवचन); द्विगु-समास: 'त्रीणि नेत्राणि यस्य' (three-eyed)

• mahātmane: to the great-souled one
• mahātmane: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Dative (चतुर्थी/4), Singular (एकवचन); कर्मधारय: 'महान् आत्मा'

• raktapiṅgalanetrāya: to him whose eyes are reddish-tawny
• raktapiṅgalanetrāya: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rakta + piṅgala + netra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Dative (चतुर्थी/4), Singular (एकवचन); कर्मधारय (बहुपद): 'रक्त-पीङ्गले नेत्रे यस्य' (having reddish-tawny eyes)

• jaṭāmukuṭadhāriṇe: to the wearer of the matted-hair crown
• jaṭāmukuṭadhāriṇe: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jaṭā + mukuṭa + dhārin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Dative (चतुर्थी/4), Singular (एकवचन); उपपद-तत्पुरुष: 'जटामुकुटं धारयति' (wearer of a matted-hair crown)

Speaker

Devāḥ (the gods)

Varaha Avatara Context

Varaha Avatara Context: {"is_varaha_focus":false}

Bhu Devi Dialogue

Bhu Devi Dialogue: {"is_dialogue":true,"speaker_role":"devotee"}

Mathura Mandala

Mathura Mandala: {"is_mathura_related":false}

Dharma Shastra

Dharma Shastra: {"has_dharma_rule":false}

Vrata Mahatmya

Vrata Mahatmya: {"has_vrata":false}

Cosmic Boar Symbolism

Cosmic Boar Symbolism: {"has_symbolism":false}

Philosophical Teaching

Philosophical Teaching: {"has_teaching":true,"teaching_type":"Theology through iconography (dhyāna via stuti)","core_concept":"Form-description (rūpa-varṇana) becomes a vehicle for devotion and concentration, leading toward knowledge and pacification of wrath.","practical_application":"Use the described marks (tri-netra, jaṭā) as meditation supports; recite stuti to stabilize attention and cultivate reverence."}

Subject Matter

Subject Matter: ["Devotional Hymnody","Theology (Iconography)","Dialogue Frame"]

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: iconographic-theophany space

Cross References

Related Themes: Continuation of stuti likely in subsequent verses (33.33.17ff)

Visual Art Cues

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"The gods offer namaskāra to Śiva: a majestic three-eyed deity with reddish-tawny eyes and a crown of matted locks, receiving collective praise.","item_prompts":["Śiva with three eyes","reddish-tawny eyes emphasized","jaṭā-mukuṭa (matted-lock crown)","devas in añjali","halo/aura indicating ‘devātideva’"],"kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural: Śiva in iconic frontal pose, tri-netra prominent; jaṭā-mukuṭa stylized; devas flanking; rich flat colors and ornamental jewelry.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore: Śiva central with heavy gold-leaf halo and ornaments; tri-netra highlighted with gemstone-like detail; devas in gold-bordered garments; ornate arch (prabhāmaṇḍala).","mysore_prompt":"Mysore: elegant Śiva with refined facial features; subtle red-gold eye tones; detailed jaṭā texture; soft luminous background; devas respectfully arranged.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari: lyrical Śiva seated under a stylized canopy; expressive tri-netra; warm eye coloration; devas in compact group; delicate landscape-cloud heaven."}

Audio Atmosphere

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"reverential, hymn-like","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"slow-medium","voice_tone":"sonorous, devotional"}

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Studies
• Sanskrit Hymns
• Śaiva Iconography

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It preserves a conventional Purāṇic stuti formula (“devā ūcuḥ … namaḥ …”) and documents classical iconographic epithets (trinetra, jaṭā) used in early medieval Sanskrit literary culture.

Which geographic location is identified?

No geographic toponym is stated in this verse; it functions as an invocation/praise passage rather than a sacred-geography marker.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse foregrounds a cultural practice of respectful address and humility (namaḥ) within dialogue—an etiquette of speech rather than a prescriptive moral rule.