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Varaha Purana 200.3: Adhyaya 200, Shloka 3

Description of the Forms of Infernal Torments

Naraka Yātanās

प्रथमे प्रथमं विद्याद्द्वितीये द्विगुणं तथा ॥ तृतीये त्रिगुणं विद्याच्चतुर्थे तु चतुर्गुणम् ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 200.3

prathame prathamaṃ vidyād dvitīye dviguṇaṃ tathā || tṛtīye triguṇaṃ vidyāc caturthe tu caturguṇam ||

“Pada yang pertama, hendaklah difahami (derita) sebagai ukuran asas; pada yang kedua menjadi dua kali ganda; pada yang ketiga tiga kali ganda; dan pada yang keempat empat kali ganda.”

prathamein the first
prathame:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprathama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative (सप्तमी), Singular; ordinal used substantively ‘in the first (hell)’
prathamamonefold; first
prathamam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootprathama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular; used adverbially ‘firstly/onefold’ or as object ‘the first (measure)’
vidyātshould know
vidyāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada; impersonal instruction ‘one should know’
dvitīyein the second
dvitīye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvitīya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular; ‘in the second’
dviguṇamtwofold
dviguṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvi (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; dvigu compound meaning ‘twofold’
tathāthus; likewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb ‘thus/likewise’
tṛtīyein the third
tṛtīye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Roottṛtīya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular; ‘in the third’
triguṇamthreefold
triguṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Roottri (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; dvigu meaning ‘threefold’
vidyātshould know
vidyāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
caturthein the fourth
caturthe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcaturtha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular; ‘in the fourth’
tuindeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, particle
caturguṇamfourfold
caturguṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootcatur (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; dvigu meaning ‘fourfold’

Ṛṣiputra

C
Classical Literature
P
Purāṇic Studies
D
Didactic Literature

FAQs

It illustrates a didactic technique—quantifying escalation—to communicate comparative severity across cosmological punishments in Purāṇic literature.

None; the verse is comparative and schematic rather than geographic.

It implies proportionality of consequences: greater wrongdoing corresponds to more intense suffering, expressed through a graded scale.

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