Rig Veda 8.45.9: Mandala 8, Sukta 45, Mantra 9
Sukta 8.45
Devata: Indra
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अस्माकं सु रथं पुर इन्द्रः कृणोतु सातये । न यं धूर्वन्ति धूर्तयः ॥
Transliteration
asmā́kaṃ sú ráthaṃ purá índraḥ kṛṇotu sātáye | ná yáṃ dhū́rvanti dhūrtáyaḥ ||
Translation
Semoga Indra menjadikan rata kami baik dan terdepan demi kemenangan; rata yang tidak dapat dijatuhkan atau dikelirukan oleh para penipu.
Word by Word
अस्माकम्of us / our
अस्माकम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitival relation/possessor)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
सुwell, good
सु:
विशेषण-निपात (intensifier/qualifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (उपसर्ग/निपात)
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
कर्म (object)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
पुरःin front, forward
पुरः:
अधिकारण (locative sense: in front)
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial accusative)
Rootपुरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
कर्ता (agent)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
कृणोतुlet (him) make / may (he) make
कृणोतु:
क्रिया (verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
सातयेfor winning, for victory
सातये:
सम्प्रदान (purpose/beneficiary)
TypeNoun
Rootसाति (प्रातिपदिक; from √सन्/सा ‘to win, gain’ > ‘winning, victory’)
नnot
न:
निपात (negator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
यम्whom / which
यम्:
कर्म (object)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
धूर्वन्तिthey overpower / assail
धूर्वन्ति:
क्रिया (verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootधूर्व्/ध्वृ (धातु; ‘to injure, assail, overpower’)
धूर्तयःthe deceivers / rogues
धूर्तयः:
कर्ता (agent)
TypeNoun/Adjective (used substantively)
Rootधूर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
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