Rig Veda 8.45.4: Mandala 8, Sukta 45, Mantra 4
Sukta 8.45
Devata: Indra (Vṛtrahan aspect)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आ बुन्दं वृत्रहा ददे जातः पृच्छद्वि मातरम् । क उग्राः के ह शृण्विरे ॥
Transliteration
ā búndaṃ vṛtra-hā́ dadé jā́taḥ pṛ́cchad ví mātáram | ká ugrā́ḥ ké ha śṛṇvire ||
Translation
Pembunuh Sang Penutup (Vṛtra) meletakkan asas pada tempatnya; lahir ke dalam kerja, ia bertanya kepada Ibunya: “Siapakah kuasa-kuasa yang garang? Siapakah sebenarnya mereka yang mendengar?”
Word by Word
आtowards; hither (preverb)
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)
बुन्दम्the drop/point (bunda)
बुन्दम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबुन्द (प्रातिपदिक) / bunda-
वृत्रहाVṛtra-slayer (Indra)
वृत्रहा:
Kartā
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र + हन्) / vṛtrahan-
ददेgave; has given
ददे:
—
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु) / dā-
जातःborn; having been born
जातः:
Kartā (with implied subject) / apposition
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Rootजन् (धातु) → जात (कृदन्त) / jan- → jāta-
पृच्छत्asked
पृच्छत्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ् (धातु) / prach-
विapart; distinctly (preverb)
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग) / vi (preverb)
मातरम्mother
मातरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक) / mātṛ-
कःwho?
कः:
Kartā (interrogative) / predicate-subject
TypePronoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / ka-
उग्राःfierce; mighty
उग्राः:
Kartā / predicate (with implied ‘they’)
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक) / ugra-
केwhich ones? who (pl.)?
के:
Kartā (interrogative)
TypePronoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / ka-
हindeed; surely
ह:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह (निपात) / ha
शृण्विरेhave heard; listened
शृण्विरे:
—
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु) / śru-
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