Rig Veda 4.14.3: Mandala 4, Sukta 14, Mantra 3

Sukta 4.14

Devata: Uṣas (Dawn)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आवहन्त्यरुणीर्ज्योतिषागान्मही चित्रा रश्मिभिश्चेकिताना । प्रबोधयन्ती सुविताय देव्युषा ईयते सुयुजा रथेन ॥

Transliteration

āváhanty aruṇī́r jyótiṣā́gān mahī́ citrā́ raśmíbhiś cékītānā | pra-bódhayantī su-vitā́ya dēvy ùṣā́ īyate su-yújā ráthena ||

Translation

Membawa cahaya-cahaya kemerahan, ia datang dengan sinarnya—luas, beraneka, dan sedar melalui pancaran-pancarannya. Membangunkan kami demi perjalanan yang mujur, Dewi Uṣas (Fajar) mara dengan rata yang terpasang serasi.

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Word by Word

• आवहन्ति: they bring, they convey (hither)
• आवहन्ति: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वह् (वहति) + आ-

• अरुणीः: the ruddy (mares/steeds)
• अरुणीः: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अरुणी- (प्रातिपदिक; अरुण ‘reddish’ से)

• ज्योतिषा: with light, by radiance
• ज्योतिषा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस्-

• अगात्: she went, she came
• अगात्: Kriyā (अनुषङ्ग/सम्बद्ध क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (गच्छति) [Vedic aorist]

• मही: great
• मही: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मही-

• चित्रा: bright, variegated, wondrous
• चित्रा: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चित्रा-

• रश्मिभिः: with rays
• रश्मिभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: रश्मि-

• चेकि॑ताना: shining forth, clearly manifest
• चेकि॑ताना: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: √चित् (चेतति) [intensive/perfect-like Vedic form ‘cekitāna’]

• प्रबोधयन्ती: awakening, rousing
• प्रबोधयन्ती: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: √बुध् (बोधयति) + प्र-

• सुविताय: for good passage/prosperity
• सुविताय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुवित-

• देवी: the goddess
• देवी: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी-

• उषाः: Uṣas (Dawn)
• उषाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस्-

• ईयते: she goes, she advances
• ईयते: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √इ (एति/इयति) [Vedic middle]

• सुयुजा: well-yoked, well-harnessed
• सुयुजा: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु- + युज् (युज् ‘yoked/fit’) → सुयुज्/सुयुजा-

• रथेन: with a chariot
• रथेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ-