Rig Veda 10.91.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 91, Mantra 4

Sukta 10.91

Rishi: Aruṇa Vaitahavya (aruṇavaitahavya)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Nicṛj Jagatī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्रजानन्नग्ने तव योनिमृत्वियमिळायास्पदे घृतवन्तमासदः । आ ते चिकित्र उषसामिवेतयोऽरेपसः सूर्यस्येव रश्मयः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.91.4

Transliteration

pra-jā́nann agne táva yónim ṛtviyám iḷā́yāḥ padé ghṛtávantam ā́sadaḥ | ā́ te cikitre uṣásām ivá etáyo ’répasaḥ sū́ryasya iva raśmáyaḥ ||

Translation

Mengetahui, wahai Agni, yoni (rahim/sumber)mu yang tepat menurut musim-ritus, mereka duduk pada pijakan Iḷā, yang kaya kejernihan dan manisnya ghee. Kepadamu gerak-dorongan yang tidak bernoda melaju—seperti langkah-langkah Fajar, seperti sinar-sinar Surya—mencari hadiratmu yang bercahaya.

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Word by Word

• प्रजानन्: knowing, recognizing
• प्रजानन्: Kartā (of आसदः)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: प्र-√ज्ञा (जानाति)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: (Sambodhana)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि-

• तव: of you, your
• तव: Śeṣa (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्- (युष्मद्)

• योनिम्: womb; seat; abode
• योनिम्: Karma (of आसदः) / goal approached
• Type: Noun
• Root: योनि-

• ऋत्वियम्: ritual, belonging to the rite; priestly
• ऋत्वियम्: Viśeṣaṇa (qualifier) / Karma-context
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋत्विय-

• इळायाः: of Iḷā (the divine/ritual nourishment; Ida)
• इळायाः: Śeṣa (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इळा-

• पदे: in/at the place, station
• पदे: Adhikaraṇa (locus)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद-

• घृतवन्तम्: rich in ghee, ghee-bearing
• घृतवन्तम्: Viśeṣaṇa (qualifier of योनिम्) / Karma-context
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घृतवत्-

• आसदः: they sat down; they approached
• आसदः: Kriyā (main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√सद् (सीदति/सदति)

• आ: towards; hither
• आ: Upasarga (with चिकित्र) / discourse particle
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb) / particle
• Root: आ

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradāna (recipient)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्- (युष्मद्)

• चिकित्रे: has shone forth; has appeared clearly
• चिकित्रे: Kriyā (verb of shining/appearing)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चित् (केतने) with reduplication (चिकित्र-)

• उषसाम्: of the dawns
• उषसाम्: Śeṣa (comparison base with इव) / genitive of relation
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस्-

• इव: like
• इव: Upamāna-marker
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• इतयः: goings/motions; (here) gleams, flashes
• इतयः: Kartā (of चिकित्रे, in sense ‘lights/rays have shone’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इति- (इति/इत्) → इति-?; Vedic इतयः as noun

• अरेपसः: spotless, stainless
• अरेपसः: Kartā (apposition to इतयः/रश्मयः)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अ-रेपस्-

• सूर्यस्य: of the Sun
• सूर्यस्य: Śeṣa (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य-

• इव: like
• इव: Upamāna-marker
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• रश्मयः: rays
• रश्मयः: Kartā (apposition/identification with इतयः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रश्मि-