Rig Veda 1.30.19: Mandala 1, Sukta 30, Mantra 19
Sukta 1.30
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional attribution for RV 1.30)
Devata: Aśvins
Chandas: Triṣṭubh/Jagatī (uncertain; verify)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
न्यघ्न्यस्य मूर्धनि चक्रं रथस्य येमथुः । परि द्यामन्यदीयते ॥
Transliteration
ny àghnyásya mūrdháni cakráṃ ráthasya yemathuḥ | pári dyā́m anyád ī́yate ||
Translation
Kalian menegakkan roda rata pada kepala yang tidak terbunuh (kuasa yang tidak tercemar); dan yang satu lagi beredar mengelilingi langit—menetapkan putaran yang benar di alam-alam bercahaya.
Word by Word
निघ्न्यस्यof the slayer/striker (i.e., of the foe/one who strikes)
निघ्न्यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitival relation) — ‘of …’
TypeAdjective (used substantively) + Pronoun
Rootनिघ्न्य (प्रातिपदिक; √हन् ‘to strike/kill’ से निष्पन्न) + अस्य
मूर्धनिon the head / at the top
मूर्धनि:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootमूर्धन् (प्रातिपदिक)
चक्रम्wheel
चक्रम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootचक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
रथस्यof the chariot
रथस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
येमथुःthey two held/fastened/placed
येमथुः:
क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√यम् (यच्छति/यमति ‘to hold, restrain, fix’)
परिaround
परि:
क्रियाविशेषण (verb-modifier)
TypeIndeclinable (Preverb/Particle)
Rootपरि
द्याम्the heaven/sky
द्याम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ/दिव् (प्रातिपदिक)
अन्यत्another (thing)
अन्यत्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
ईयतेmoves/goes
ईयते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√इ (to go) with passive/ātmanepada formation
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