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Valmiki Ramayana 2.96.3: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 96, Shloka 3

चित्रकूटे सैन्यधूलिशब्ददर्शनम्

Alarm at Chitrakūṭa: Lakṣmaṇa sights the approaching army

तथा तत्राऽसतस्तस्य भरतस्यौपयायिनः ।

सैन्यरेणुश्च शब्दश्च प्रादुरास्तां नभस्पृशौ ॥३॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.96.3

tathā tatrāsatas tasya bharatasyaupayāyinaḥ |

sainyareṇuś ca śabdaś ca prādurāstāṃ nabhaspṛśau ||3||

Tatkala Rāma duduk di sana, debu dan gemuruh bala tentera Bharata yang sedang mendekat tiba-tiba bangkit—seakan-akan menyentuh langit.

तथाthus
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकार-अव्यय
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Desha-adhikarana (देश-अधिकरण/Place)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेश-अव्यय (adverb of place)
आसतः(two) sat; were seated
आसतः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआस् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, द्विवचन, आत्मनेपद; ‘(two) were sitting’ (contextually: while he/they sat)
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी-विभक्ति
भरतस्यof Bharata
भरतस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootभरत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी-विभक्ति
उपयायिनःapproaching
उपयायिनः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउप + या (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle, शतृ; ‘approaching’), पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (agreeing with भरतस्य)
सैन्यरेणुःdust (raised) by the army
सैन्यरेणुः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य + रेणु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (सैन्यस्य रेणुः/dust of the army)
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
शब्दःnoise
शब्दः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
प्रादुःmanifestly; suddenly
प्रादुः:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रादुः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb), प्रादुर्भावे (manifestly/into appearance)
आस्ताम्appeared (both)
आस्ताम्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, द्विवचन, परस्मैपद; ‘came to be/appeared’
नभस्पृशौreaching the sky (both)
नभस्पृशौ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootनभस् + स्पृश् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्विवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति; बहुव्रीहि (नभः स्पृशतः/sky-touching)

Now as Rama was sitting there, the tumult and the dust raised by the approaching army of Bharata reached the sky.

R
Rāma
B
Bharata
A
army (sainya)

FAQs

The verse sets the stage for a dharmic crisis: power and rightful succession are approaching in visible force, and the coming encounter will test restraint, duty, and truthfulness in action.

Bharata’s army draws near to Rāma’s location; its dust and noise become visible and audible from afar, signaling an imminent meeting or confrontation.

Rāma’s steadiness (dhairya) is implied: he remains seated and composed even as a massive army approaches.

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