Atharva Veda 7.73.2: Kanda 7, Anuvaka 8, Sukta 73, Mantra 2

Sukta 73

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

समि॑द्धो अ॒ग्निर॑श्विना त॒प्तो वां॑ घ॒र्म आ ग॑तम्। दु॒ह्यन्ते॑ नू॒नं वृ॑षणे॒ह धे॒नवो॒ दस्रा॒ मद॑न्ति वे॒धसः॑

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 7.73.2

IAST Transliteration

samíddho agnír aśvinā tápto vāṃ gharmá ā́ gatam | dúhyante nūnáṃ vṛ́ṣaṇehá dhenávo dasrā́ mádanti vedhásaḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Kindled is Agni; O Aśvins, come hither: heated for you is the Gharma. Now, O ye two Bulls, here the milch-cows are milked; O wondrous ones, the wise are gladdened.

Translation

Agni telah dinyalakan; wahai Aśvin, datanglah ke mari: Gharma telah dipanaskan untuk kamu berdua. Kini, wahai dua Banteng, di sini lembu-lembu perah diperah; wahai yang ajaib, para bijaksana bersukacita.

The meaning

What it says

Agni is kindled; Aśvins are invited to come; the Gharma is heated for them. Now the milch-cows are milked here; the wondrous ones—wise persons—are gladdened.

The inner meaning

Right timing (nūnam, ‘now’) is central: when preparation is complete (heated gharma), the healers arrive and the ‘milk’ of nourishment flows. Psychologically, it affirms that disciplined preparation yields a moment of glad release—resources become available and the mind rejoices.

The truth in it

Healing and prosperity require readiness and timing: prepare the conditions, then receive the help. When nourishment flows, wisdom becomes joyful rather than strained.

What it is for

Kind of hymn

Paustika / Bhaisajya (invocation for invigorating, healing presence)

Its aim

To hasten the Aśvins’ arrival at the moment the heated offering is ready, ensuring successful extraction of milk and ritual exhilaration.

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Word by Word

Pada patha

समि॑द्धः । अ॒ग्निः । अ॒श्वि॒ना । त॒प्तः । वाम् । घ॒र्मः । आ । ग॒तम् । दु॒ह्यन्ते॑ । नू॒नम् । वृ॑षणे । इ॒ह । धे॒नवः॑ । दस्रा॑ । मद॑न्ति । वे॒धसः॑

समिद्धः

kindled, well-litkindled; blazing in due formAdjectiveपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनRole कर्तृ (अग्निः-विशेषण)Root सम्-इध् (धातु) → समिद्ध (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

अग्निः

Agni; fireAgni, the offering-bearerNounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनRole कर्तृRoot अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

अश्विना

O Aśvins (Divine Twins)O Aśvins, twin healersNoun (dual deity name)पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, द्विवचनRole (सम्बोधन) संबोधितRoot अश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)

तप्तः

heated, hotheated; made potent by heatAdjectiveपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनRole कर्तृ (घर्मः-विशेषण)Root तप् (धातु) → तप्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

वाम्

of/for you twofor you twoPronounषष्ठी/चतुर्थी, द्विवचन (एन्क्लिटिक रूप)Role सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (सन्दर्भानुसार: ‘for you two’)Root युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

घर्मः

hot drink; heated offering (gharma)the Gharma draught/oblationNounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनRole कर्तृRoot घर्म (प्रातिपदिक)

आ

hither, towardshither; toward (inviting motion)Indeclinableअव्ययRole क्रियाविशेषण; गत्यर्थRoot आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

गतम्

come (you two), arrivecome ye (dual imperative/aorist injunctive sense)Verb (imperative sense via kṛdanta usage)(आगतम्) मध्यमपुरुष, द्विवचन—आदेशार्थे (वैदिक प्रयोग; ‘come!’)Role आह्वान-क्रियाRoot गम् (धातु) → गत (कृदन्त)

दुह्यन्ते

they are milked / yield milkare milked/drawn (the streams of milk are extracted)Verbलट् (वर्तमान), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचनRole कर्तृ (धेनवः)Root दुह् (धातु)

नूनम्

now, indeednow, at this very time (ritual immediacy)Indeclinableअव्ययRole क्रियाविशेषणRoot नूनम् (निपात)

वृषणे

O you two mighty/virile onesO ye two Bulls (vigorous ones)Noun (epithet)पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, द्विवचनRole (सम्बोधन) संबोधितRoot वृषण (प्रातिपदिक)

इह

hereIndeclinableअव्ययRole अधिकरण (देश)Root इह (अव्यय)

धेनवः

cows; milch-cowsmilch-cows; milk-streams (metonym for milk offerings)Nounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचनRole कर्तृRoot धेनु (प्रातिपदिक)

दस्रा

O wondrous/skillful ones (Aśvins)O wondrous/skillful ones (Aśvin epithet: effective helpers)Noun/Adjective (epithet)पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, द्विवचनRole (सम्बोधन) संबोधितRoot दस्र (प्रातिपदिक; अश्विनौ-विशेषण)

मदन्ति

they rejoice, are exhilaratedrejoice, are exhilarated (by the draught/oblation)Verbलट् (वर्तमान), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचनRole कर्तृ (वेधसः)Root मद् (धातु)

वेधसः

the wise/ordainers; inspired priestsNounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचनRole कर्तृRoot वेधस् (प्रातिपदिक)

Sandhi Notes

• समि॑द्धो→समिद्धः
• अ॒ग्निर॑श्विना→अग्निः अश्विना (विसर्ग-लोप/रेफ-संधि)
• त॒प्तो वां॑→तप्तः वाम् (विसर्ग-लोप)
• घ॒र्म आ→घर्मः आ (विसर्ग-लोप)
• आ ग॑तम्→आगतम् (उपसर्ग-संयोग)
• दु॒ह्यन्ते॑ नू॒नं→दुह्यन्ते नूनम्
• वृ॑षणे॒ह→वृषणे इह (स्वर-संधि/एह)
• धे॒नवो॒ दस्रा॒→धेनवः दस्रा (विसर्ग-लोप)
• मद॑न्ति वे॒धसः॑→मदन्ति वेधसः

Seer, deity and metre

Rishi

As above: anukramaṇī confirmation needed for precise r̥ṣi assignment.

Devata

Aśvins; Agni as mediator.

Chandas

Mixed/triṣṭubh-like; requires metrical verification.

Rasa

Adbhuta and Shringara

Sayana's Commentary

The Seer

The Deity

The Metre

The Rite

In the Home

Substances

Healing Context

Magic Charm Layer

Symbols in this Mantra

Yogic Application

Chanting Notes

Practical Application

Scholarly Questions