Atharva Veda 7.20.5: Kanda 7, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 20, Mantra 5

Sukta 20

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

एमं य॒ज्ञमनु॑मतिर्जगाम सुक्षे॒त्रता॑यै सुवी॒रता॑यै सुजा॑तम्। भ॒द्रा ह्यऽस्याः॒ प्रम॑तिर्ब॒भूव॒ सेमं य॒ज्ञम॑वतु दे॒वगो॑पा

IAST Transliteration

imáṃ yajñám anumátir jagāma sukṣetrátāyai suvī́ratāyai sujā́tam | bhadrā́ hí ’syāḥ prámatir babhūva sémáṃ yajñám avatu devágopāḥ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

To this sacrifice hath Anumati come, for goodly fields, for goodly sons—well-generated. For auspicious is her providence become: let her, divinely guarded, protect this sacrifice.

Translation

Kepada yajña ini Anumati telah datang, demi ladang-ladang yang baik, demi putera-putera yang baik—yang terlahir dengan baik. Sesungguhnya baik dan berkat telah menjadi pramati (pemeliharaan/penyantunannya) baginya; semoga ia, yang dipelihara para dewa, melindungi yajña ini.

The meaning

What it says

Anumati has come to this sacrifice for good fields and good sons—well-born. Her providence is auspicious; let her, guarded by the gods, protect this sacrifice.

The inner meaning

The psyche invites ‘assent’ to enter the work: when planning (pramati) is auspicious and protected, the project gains resilience. Fertile fields and strong sons symbolize capacity: resources (kṣetra) and competence/continuity (suvīra).

The truth in it

Prosperity is not merely acquired; it is hosted. When a community receives and protects the principle of wise consent, its undertakings become fertile and durable.

What it is for

Kind of hymn

Paustika (agrarian + progeny) with protective (rakṣā) function

Its aim

To secure divine presence, protect the rite from obstruction, and obtain good land and strong offspring

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Word by Word

Pada patha

इमम् । यज्ञम् । अनुमतिः । जगाम । सुक्षेत्रतायै । सुवीरतायै । सुजातम् । भद्रा । हि । अस्याः । प्रमतिः । बभूव । सा । इमम् । यज्ञम् । अवतु । देवगोपाः ।

इमम्

thisthis; the present rite in progressPronounपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्मRoot इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

यज्ञम्

sacrifice, ritesacrifice/rite; the operative ritual performanceNounपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्मRoot यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

अनुमतिः

Anumati (goddess of consent/favor)Anumati; the consenting goddessNounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनRole कर्तृRoot अनुमति (प्रातिपदिक)

जगाम

went, camehas come; arrival/presencing of the deity at the riteVerbलिट् (परस्मैपद), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचनRoot गम् (धातु)

सुक्षेत्रतायै

for good fields/land-fertilityfor good fields/land; agricultural prosperity and secure territoryNoun (abstract)स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचनRole सम्प्रदानRoot सु-क्षेत्रता (प्रातिपदिक)

सुवीरतायै

for good heroism/strong offspringfor good heroes/sons; strong male issue and defendersNoun (abstract)स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचनRole सम्प्रदानRoot सु-वीरता (प्रातिपदिक)

सुजातम्

well-born, well-producedwell-born, well-produced; (of the yajña/fruit) rightly generatedAdjective (past participial)नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (यज्ञम् इति विशेष्यस्य)Role कर्मRoot सु-जात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √जन्)

भद्रा

auspicious, graciousauspicious, kindly; beneficent in effectAdjectiveस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (प्रमतिः इति विशेषणम्)Role कर्तृRoot भद्र (प्रातिपदिक)

हि

indeed, forfor, indeed; explanatory particleIndeclinableनिपातRoot हि

अस्याः

of herof her; of AnumatiPronounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचनRole सम्बन्धRoot इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

प्रमतिः

favor, gracious intentforethought, guidance, providence; (Sayana) ‘favouring direction’Nounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनRole कर्तृRoot प्रमति (प्रातिपदिक)

बभूव

became, washas become; is established asVerbलिट् (परस्मैपद), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचनRoot भू (धातु)

स

shePronounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (अनुमतिः/प्रमतिः प्रति)Role कर्तृRoot तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

इमम्

thisthis; again pointing to the present ritePronounपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्मRoot इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

यज्ञम्

sacrifice, ritethe sacrifice; the ritual complex to be protectedNounपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्मRoot यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

अवतु

may (she) protectlet her protect, aid; protective/guarding functionVerbलोट् (परस्मैपद), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचनRoot अव् (धातु)

देवगोपाः

guarded by the gods / having the gods as protectorsguarded by the gods / divine herdsman-guard; (functionally) ‘under divine protection’Noun/Adjective (bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa usage)पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (कर्तृ/विशेषणरूपेण ‘सा’)Role कर्तृRoot देव-गोप (समास-प्रातिपदिक)

Sandhi Notes

• पाठे ‘एमं’ = ‘इमम्’ (ए/इ-प्रयोगः; संहितायां इमम् → एमम्)
• ‘य॒ज्ञमनु॑मतिर्जगाम’ = ‘यज्ञम् अनुमतिः जगाम’ (म् + अ → म-अ, संधिः)
• ‘ह्यऽस्याः’ = ‘हि अस्याः’ (इ + अ → य; तथा अवग्रहः)
• ‘सेमं’ = ‘स इमम्’ (स + इमम् → सेमम्)
• ‘य॒ज्ञम॑वतु’ = ‘यज्ञम् अवतु’ (म् + अ → म-अ)

Seer, deity and metre

Rishi

Atharvanic tradition

Devata

Anumati

Chandas

Anuṣṭubh

Rasa

Shanta

Sayana's Commentary

The Seer

The Deity

The Metre

The Rite

In the Home

Substances

Healing Context

Magic Charm Layer

Symbols in this Mantra

Yogic Application

Chanting Notes

Practical Application

Scholarly Questions