Rig Veda 10.8.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 8, Mantra 4
Sukta 10.8
Devata: Agni (addressed as Vasu; with dawn and Mitra motifs)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; needs verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उषौषो हि वसो अग्रमेषि त्वं यमयोरभवो विभावा । ऋताय सप्त दधिषे पदानि जनयन्मित्रं तन्वे स्वायै ॥
Transliteration
uṣáuṣo hí váso ágram éṣi tváṃ yamáyor abhavo vibhā́vā | ṛtā́ya saptá dadhīṣe padā́ni jánayan mitráṃ tanvé svā́yai ||
Translation
Wahai Vasu, fajar demi fajar engkau melangkah di muka; engkau menjadi Yang Mahabercahaya dari kedua Kekuatan Kembar. Demi Ṛta engkau menegakkan tujuh langkah, melahirkan Mitra bagi wujudmu sendiri.
Word by Word
उषौषोO two Dawns
उषौषो:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun (vocative, dual)
Rootउषस्- (प्रातिपदिक) / उषा- (स्त्री)
हिindeed, for
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
वसोO Vasu (good one/wealth-giver)
वसो:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun (vocative, singular)
Rootवसु- (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्रम्the foremost place/front
अग्रम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअग्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
एषिyou go/approach
एषि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootइ (धातु)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
यमयोःof the two Yamas / of the twins
यमयोः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootयम- (प्रातिपदिक)
अभवःyou became
अभवः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
विभावाO radiant one / widely shining
विभावा:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeAdjective (vocative, singular)
Rootवि-भा (धातु) / विभाव- (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतायfor ṛta (cosmic order/truth)
ऋताय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootऋत- (प्रातिपदिक)
सप्तseven
सप्त:
विशेषण (quantifier)
TypeNumeral
Rootसप्तन् (संख्या)
दधिषेyou have set/placed
दधिषे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु) [दधा-]
पदानिsteps/footprints/places
पदानि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootपद- (प्रातिपदिक)
जनयन्generating, producing
जनयन्:
कर्तृ (participial, agreeing with implied subject)
TypeParticiple (present active)
Rootजन् (धातु) + णिच् (causative)
मित्रम्Mitra / the Friend
मित्रम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
तन्वेfor (your) body/person
तन्वे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootतनू- (प्रातिपदिक)
स्वायैfor your own (self)
स्वायै:
सम्प्रदान
TypeAdjective/Pronoun (fem.)
Rootस्व- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / स्वा- (स्त्री)
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