Rig Veda 10.46.7: Mandala 10, Sukta 46, Mantra 7

Sukta 10.46

Devata: Agni (plural agnáyaḥ as his manifold flames/powers)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verse-level confirmation needed)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अस्याजरासो दमामरित्रा अर्चद्धूमासो अग्नयः पावकाः । श्वितीचयः श्वात्रासो भुरण्यवो वनर्षदो वायवो न सोमाः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.46.7

Transliteration

asyā́jarāso damā́m arítrā aŕcad-dhūmāso agnáyaḥ pāvakā́ḥ | śvitī́cayaḥ śvātrā́so bhuraṇyávo vanaṣádo vāyávo ná somā́ḥ ||

Translation

Ses feux, sans vieillesse, sont les pilotes de la demeure ; ils flambent avec leur fumée, purificateurs. Brillants à l’allumage, rapides à la course, ardents dans l’élan, ils siègent au séjour des forêts comme des vents — comme des puissances de Soma traversant l’être.

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Word by Word

• अस्य: of this (one/Agni)
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अजरासः: unaging, undecaying
• अजरासः: कर्तृ (as qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अजरा- (प्रातिपदिक; a- + जरा ‘old age’)

• दमामरित्राः: (as) household steersmen/rowers (epithet)
• दमामरित्राः: कर्तृ (as qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: दमामरित्र- (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास, ‘house/seat + oar/boat’ → ‘having/using oars in the house’ i.e. ‘household rowers/steersmen’—epithet of fires)

• अर्चत्: shone, sang/praised (lit. ‘flashed/uttered’)
• अर्चत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्च् (धातु)

• धूमासः: smokes
• धूमासः: कर्तृ (co-subject with अग्नयः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धूम- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्नयः: fires (Agni-fires)
• अग्नयः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• पावकाः: purifying, bright
• पावकाः: कर्तृ (as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पावक- (प्रातिपदिक; from √पू ‘to purify’)

• श्वितीचयः: bright-flamed / white-shining
• श्वितीचयः: कर्तृ (as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: श्वितीचय- (प्रातिपदिक; epithet, lit. ‘having white/bright flame/shine’)

• श्वात्रासः: strong, vigorous (epithet)
• श्वात्रासः: कर्तृ (as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: श्वात्र- (प्रातिपदिक; epithet, ‘strong/bright’)

• भुरण्यवः: swift, impetuous
• भुरण्यवः: कर्तृ (as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: भुरण्यु- (प्रातिपदिक; epithet, ‘swift/impetuous’)

• वनर्षदः: forest-dwelling
• वनर्षदः: कर्तृ (as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: वनर्षद्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वन’ + √ऋषद्/√सद् ‘to sit/dwell’ → ‘dwelling in the wood/forest’)

• वायवः: winds
• वायवः: उपमान (in simile with न)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: सम्बन्ध (simile marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)

• सोमाः: Soma-juices
• सोमाः: कर्तृ (appositional/secondary subject in simile)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम- (प्रातिपदिक)