Varaha Purana 49.39: Adhyaya 49, Shloka 39

The Padmanābha Dvādaśī Observance, with the Eulogy of Lamp-Offering Merit

Pūrva Bhāga · Vrata-Dharma (Vaiṣṇava observances: Dvādaśī/Upavāsa)

Devanagari script

राजाऽपि तेन विधिना पद्मनाभस्य द्वादशीम् । उपोष्य परमं काममिह जन्मनि चाप्तवान् ॥ ४९.३९ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 49.39

Transliteration

rājā’pi tena vidhinā padmanābhasya dvādaśīm | upoṣya paramaṃ kāmam iha janmani cāptavān || 49.39 ||

ITRANS transliteration

Translation

También el rey, habiendo observado según el rito prescrito el ayuno de Dvādaśī de Padmanābha, alcanzó en esta misma vida el fin supremo que anhelaba.

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Word by Word

• राजा: the king
• Type: Noun
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
• Role: कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अपि: also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: समुच्चय/अपि-अव्यय (particle ‘also/even’)
• Role: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/सम्बन्ध)
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)

• तेन: by that
• Type: Noun
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; ‘by that/with that’
• Role: करण (Karana/करण)
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• विधिना: by the prescribed method
• Type: Noun
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; ‘by the rule/method’
• Role: करण (Karana/करण)
• Root: विधि (प्रातिपदिक)

• पद्मनाभस्य: of Padmanābha (Viṣṇu)
• Type: Noun
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; कर्मधारय ‘Padmanābha (lotus-naveled)’
• Role: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/सम्बन्ध)
• Root: पद्मनाभ (प्रातिपदिक)

• द्वादशीम्: the Dvādaśī (fast)
• Type: Noun
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
• Role: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)

• उपोष्य: having observed a fast
• Type: Verb
• Form: क्त्वान्त-प्राय (absolutive/gerund) ‘having fasted’; from उप + वस् (to dwell/fast)
• Role: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Purvakala-kriya/पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Root: उपवस्/उपोष् (धातु)

• परमम्: supreme
• Type: Adjective
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; adjective qualifying कामम्
• Role: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक)

• कामम्: desired boon/object
• Type: Noun
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
• Role: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक)

• इह: here
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: देश-अव्यय (adverb ‘here/in this world’)
• Role: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/अधिकरण)
• Root: इह (अव्यय)

• जन्मनि: in (this) birth
• Type: Noun
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; locative ‘in (this) birth’
• Role: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/अधिकरण)
• Root: जन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
• Role: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/सम्बन्ध)
• Root: च (अव्यय)

• आप्तवान्: obtained
• Type: Verb
• Form: कृदन्त (क्तवतुँ-प्रत्यय), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; perfective participle used as finite sense ‘obtained’
• Role: क्रिया (Kriya/क्रिया)
• Root: आप् (धातु)

Sandhi Notes

• राजाऽपि = राजा + अपि
• चाप्तवान् = च + आप्तवान्

Speaker and setting

Shanta and Shringara rasaSetting: Ritual observance context

Speaker

Varāha

The teaching

Kind of teaching

Bhakti-dharma / karma-phala

Subjects

EthicsRitual ObservancePhilosophical Instruction

Core idea

Vidhi-yukta bhakti—devotion expressed through disciplined observance—can yield both worldly and higher aims.

In practice

Undertake fasting/vows with correct procedure, intention, and steadiness; align personal desires with Viṣṇu-centered worship.

Dharma

Vrata

Mathura and Krishna

Cross references

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Studies
• Vaiṣṇavism
• Dharma-śāstra Interface

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It exemplifies a common Purāṇic didactic strategy: validating a ritual discipline (Dvādaśī observance) through an exemplary figure (a king), thereby linking royal ethics with household religious practice in early medieval Sanskrit textual culture.

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific geographic site is named in this verse; the focus is on ritual observance rather than sacred geography.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse promotes disciplined observance of a prescribed vow (fasting on Dvādaśī) as a model of self-regulation and goal-oriented conduct, framed as yielding meaningful outcomes within one’s present life.