Rig Veda 7.36.3: Mandala 7, Sukta 36, Mantra 3

Sukta 7.36

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional for Maṇḍala 7)

Devata: Mitrāvaruṇā (hymn context; this verse uses symbolic-natural imagery in their praise)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ वातस्य ध्रजतो रन्त इत्या अपीपयन्त धेनवो न सूदाः । महो दिवः सदने जायमानोऽचिक्रदद्वृषभः सस्मिन्नूधन् ॥

Transliteration

ā́ vā́tasya dhrajáto rante ityā́ḥ apī́payanta dhenávo ná sū́dāḥ | mahó diváḥ sádane jā́yamāno 'cíkṛdad vṛṣabháḥ sasmínn ū́dhan ||

Translation

Hacia el estandarte que fluye del Viento avanzan con deleite; las potencias dadoras se hinchan como vacas de leche, ricas en savia. Nacido en la gran sede del Cielo, el Toro brama en esa ubre, exprimiendo la abundancia de un alimento luminoso.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• आ: towards; unto
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)

• वातस्य: of the wind
• वातस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात (prātipadika)

• ध्रजतः: of the banner/streamer (i.e., the wind’s ‘banner’)
• ध्रजतः: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ध्रज (prātipadika)

• रन्ते: they rejoice / take delight
• रन्ते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: रम् (धातु)

• इति: thus
• इति: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (particle)

• आ: towards; forth
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)

• अपीपयन्त: they caused to swell / they filled
• अपीपयन्त: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: पी (धातु) / पायय् caus.

• धेनवः: the milch-cows
• धेनवः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: धेनु (prātipadika)

• न: like
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle)

• सूदाḥ: pressers/servers (ritual attendants); (here) as ‘good milkers/pressers’
• सूदाḥ: कर्तृ (appositional to धेनवः) / उपमान
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूदा (prātipadika)

• महो: of the great
• महो: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (prātipadika)

• दिवः: of heaven/sky
• दिवः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव्/द्यौ (prātipadika)

• सदने: in the seat/dwelling
• सदने: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: सदन (prātipadika)

• जायमानः: being born; coming into being
• जायमानः: कर्तृ (of the following action)
• Type: Participle
• Root: जन् (धातु) → जायमान (present middle participle)

• अचिक्रदत्: he cried out / roared
• अचिक्रदत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्रन्द् (धातु) with reduplication (intensive/iterative aorist formation)

• वृषभः: the bull (strong one)
• वृषभः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषभ (prātipadika)

• सस्मिन्: in that (place/one)
• सस्मिन्: अधिकरण
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāman) → सस्मिन् (Vedic strengthened form)

• ऊधन्: in the udder (source of milk/abundance)
• ऊधन्: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊधन् (prātipadika)