Rig Veda 5.8.3: Mandala 5, Sukta 8, Mantra 3

Sukta 5.8

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha-gotra tradition for much of Maṇḍala 5; hymn 5.8 is Agni-stuti in Vasiṣṭha style)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; standard for many Agni hymns in Maṇḍala 5; requires full hymn metrical scan for certainty)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

त्वामग्ने मानुषीरीळते विशो होत्राविदं विविचिं रत्नधातमम् । गुहा सन्तं सुभग विश्वदर्शतं तुविष्वणसं सुयजं घृतश्रियम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 5.8.3

Transliteration

tvām agne mānuṣīr īḷate viśo hotrā-vidaṁ viviciṁ ratna-dhātamam | guhā santaṁ su-bhaga viśva-darśataṁ tuvi-svaṇasaṁ su-yajaṁ ghṛta-śriyam ||

Translation

Oh Agni, las comunidades humanas te alaban —conocedor del hotra, discernidor, el más alto dador de tesoros. Aunque habites oculto en la cueva, oh Afortunado, eres la visión visible para todos; con resonancia poderosa conduces bien el sacrificio, resplandeciendo con la gloria del ghee.

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Word by Word

• त्वाम्: you (as object)
• त्वाम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• मानुषीः: human (women/folk)
• मानुषीः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively) / Noun
• Root: मानुषी (प्रातिपदिक; मानुष- < मनु)

• ईळते: praises / invokes
• ईळते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईळ् (धातु) / Vedic īḷ (to praise, invoke)

• विशः: clans, peoples
• विशः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश् (प्रातिपदिक)

• होत्राविदम्: knower of the priestly office / of invocation
• होत्राविदम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: होत्रा-विद् (समास; होत्रा + विद् ‘knowing’)

• विविचिम्: discerning, distinguishing
• विविचिम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-विचि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘discriminating/choosing’, from √विच्/√विच् ‘to separate, discern’)

• रत्नधातमम्: most bestowing of treasures
• रत्नधातमम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (superlative)
• Root: रत्न-धा-तम (समास; रत्न + √धा ‘to place, bestow’ + तम)

• गुहा: in secret, hiddenly / in concealment
• गुहा: अधिकारण
• Type: Indeclinable (adverbial) / Noun in loc. sense
• Root: गुहा (प्रातिपदिक)

• सन्तम्: being, existing
• सन्तम्: कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Participle
• Root: अस् (धातु) → सन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• सुभग: O fortunate one
• सुभग: सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective (vocative)
• Root: सु-भग (प्रातिपदिक; ‘well-portioned, fortunate’)

• विश्वदर्शतम्: visible to all / splendid for all to see
• विश्वदर्शतम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व-दर्शत (समास; विश्व + दर्शत ‘visible, splendid’ < √दृश्)

• तुविष्वणसम्: mighty-sounding, loudly roaring
• तुविष्वणसम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुवि-स्वनस (समास; तुवि ‘mighty’ + स्वनस ‘sounding/roaring’ < √स्वन्)

• सुयजम्: well-worshipped / good to sacrifice to
• सुयजम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-यज (प्रातिपदिक; ‘easy/good to worship’ < √यज्)

• घृतश्रियम्: having ghee as splendour / shining with ghee
• घृतश्रियम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घृत-श्री (समास; घृत ‘ghee’ + श्री ‘splendour, prosperity’)