Rig Veda 4.23.1: Mandala 4, Sukta 23, Mantra 1

Sukta 4.23

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional attribution for RV 4.23)

Devata: Indra (implied by Soma-drinking and growth; hymn continues questioning his modes)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

कथा महामवृधत्कस्य होतुर्यज्ञं जुषाणो अभि सोममूधः । पिबन्नुशानो जुषमाणो अन्धो ववक्ष ऋष्वः शुचते धनाय ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 4.23.1

Transliteration

kathā́ mahā́m avṛdhat kásya hótur yajñáṃ juṣāṇó abhí sómam ū́dhaḥ | píban nuśānó juṣámāṇo ándho vavakṣé ṛṣváḥ śúcate dhánāya ||

Translation

¿Cómo creció hasta la grandeza, y para qué hotar, aceptando el sacrificio, se volvió hacia el Soma como hacia una ubre? Bebiendo, deseando, gozando del jugo prensado, el excelso ha crecido para una riqueza resplandeciente.

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Word by Word

• कथा: how?
• कथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथा (प्रश्नाव्यय)

• महाम्: great (her/it)
• महाम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अवृधत्: grew; increased
• अवृधत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध्

• कस्य: of whom?
• कस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: क (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• होतुः: of the Hotar (priest)
• होतुः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञम्: sacrifice; rite
• यज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• जुषाणः: enjoying; accepting
• जुषाणः: Kartā (with implied subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जुष्

• अभि: towards; upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• सोमम्: Soma (drink)
• सोमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऊधः: udder; swelling source
• ऊधः: Adhikaraṇa/विशेष्य (contextual: ‘udder’ as source/seat)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊधस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• पिबन्: drinking
• पिबन्: Kartā (with implied subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (पिबति)

• उशानः: desiring; eager
• उशानः: Kartā-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: वश्/उश् (कामयते) / उशान (प्रातिपदिक)

• जुषमाणः: accepting; enjoying
• जुषमाणः: Kartā-विशेषण
• Type: Verb
• Root: जुष्

• अन्धः: Soma-juice; pressed draught
• अन्धः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्धस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• ववक्ष: has grown strong; has waxed
• ववक्ष: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: वह्/वक्ष् (ववक्ष- परिपूर्ण/पर्याय: ‘to grow/strengthen’)

• ऋष्वः: lofty; exalted
• ऋष्वः: Kartā-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋष्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• शुचते: shines; is bright
• शुचते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुच्

• धनाय: for wealth
• धनाय: Sampradāna (purpose/for)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (प्रातिपदिक)