Rig Veda 3.9.2: Mandala 3, Sukta 9, Mantra 2
Sukta 3.9
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional for RV 3.9)
Devata: Agni / Apām Napāt complex (Agni addressed explicitly here)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
कायमानो वना त्वं यन्मातॄरजगन्नपः । न तत्ते अग्ने प्रमृषे निवर्तनं यद्दूरे सन्निहाभवः ॥
Transliteration
kā́yamāno vanā́ tvaṃ yán mātṝ́r ájagan ápaḥ | ná tát te agne pramṛ́ṣe nivártanam yád dūré sán nihā́bhavaḥ ||
Translation
Aunque te mueves por los bosques, cuando fuiste hacia las madres, las aguas, eso no es para ti, oh Agni, un volver atrás, ni un apagarse de tu impulso hacia delante: aunque estés lejos, aquí te haces presente.
Word by Word
कायमानःshining/appearing (as you blaze)
कायमानः:
कर्तृ (अग्नेः विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootकाय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘काय’ = ‘कायमान’ as kṛdanta base) < √क॑ (कायने/प्रकाशने; Vedic usage ‘to appear/shine’)
वनाःwoods/forests
वनाः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
यत्when/that (in that)
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable/Relative
Rootयद् (सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम)
मातॄःmothers
मातॄः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
अजगन्they went/they came
अजगन्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (गत्यर्थः)
अपःto the waters / the waters
अपः:
कर्म (गमनस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootअप्/आप् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘waters’)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध)
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म/विषय (निषेधस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
तेof you/your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (possessive)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रमृषेyou overlook/forgive
प्रमृषे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + √मृष् (सहने/उपेक्षायाम्; also ‘to overlook/forgive’)
निवर्तनम्turning back/return
निवर्तनम्:
कर्म (प्रमृषे इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootनि + √वृत् (वर्तने/निवृत्तौ) → ‘निवर्तन’ (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्when/that (in that)
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable/Relative
Rootयद् (सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम)
दूरेfar away
दूरे:
अधिकरण
TypeAdverbial (locative form)
Rootदूर (प्रातिपदिक)
सन्being
सन्:
कर्तृ (त्वम्/अग्निः)
TypeParticiple
Root√अस् (भू)
इहhere
इह:
अधिकरण (देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (देशवाचक-अव्यय)
अभवःyou became/you came to be
अभवः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√भू (भवने)
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