Rig Veda 2.38.8: Mandala 2, Sukta 38, Mantra 8

Sukta 2.38

Rishi: Gṛtsamada

Devata: Savitṛ (with Varuṇa and Mārtāṇḍa imagery integrated)

Chandas: Trishtubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

याद्राध्यं वरुणो योनिमप्यमनिशितं निमिषि जर्भुराणः । विश्वो मार्ताण्डो व्रजमा पशुर्गात्स्थशो जन्मानि सविता व्याकः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 2.38.8

Transliteration

yāt-rā́dhyaṃ váruṇo yónim ápyam áni-śitaṃ ni-míṣi járbhurāṇaḥ | víśvo mārtā́ṇḍo vrajáṃ ā́ paśúr gāt stha-śáḥ jánmāni savitā́ vy ā́kaḥ ||

Translation

Aquel vientre oculto en las aguas que Varuṇa ha dispuesto—infalible en su parpadeo, sin cesar laborando: hacia él ha venido el universal Mārtāṇḍa, el Sol como rebaño, al redil. Savitṛ ha salido y ha hecho distintas las nacencias en sus diversos asentamientos.

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Word by Word

• याद्राध्यम्: the (thing) to be accomplished/propitiated; the desired (goal)
• याद्राध्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: याद्राध्य- (प्रातिपदिक; यद् + राध्य ‘पूज्य/साध्य’)

• वरुणः: Varuṇa
• वरुणः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरुण- (प्रातिपदिक)

• योनिम्: womb; seat; abode
• योनिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: योनि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अपि: also; even; unto
• अपि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)

• अमनीशितम्: unthought-of; not devised
• अमनीशितम्: Karma (qualifier of योनिम्/याद्राध्यम्)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: अ- + मनीषित- (कृदन्त; √मन्/मनीष् ‘to think, devise’ → मनीषित ‘thought, devised’)

• निमिषि: in a wink; in an instant
• निमिषि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: निमिष्- (प्रातिपदिक; from √मिष् ‘to wink, blink’ with नि-)

• जर्भुराणः: hastening; moving swiftly
• जर्भुराणः: Kartā (qualifier of वरुणः)
• Type: Verb-participle
• Root: √जर्भुर्/जर्भ् (धातु; intensive/frequentative sense ‘to hasten, bustle, be in rapid motion’)

• विश्वः: all; entire
• विश्वः: Kartā (qualifier of मार्ताण्डः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व- (प्रातिपदिक)

• मार्ताण्डः: Mārtāṇḍa (the Sun)
• मार्ताण्डः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: मार्ताण्ड- (प्रातिपदिक)

• व्रजम्: enclosure; pen; fold
• व्रजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रज- (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards; into
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• पशुः: the beast; the animal (as subject)
• पशुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पशु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• गात्: went; came
• गात्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गा (धातु ‘to go’)

• स्थशः: one by one; in due order
• स्थशः: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्थशस् (अव्यय; distributive/adverbial)

• जन्मानि: births; generations
• जन्मानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्मन्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सविता: Savitar (the Impeller)
• सविता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवितृ- (प्रातिपदिक)

• व्याकः: has spread out/arranged; has distributed
• व्याकः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अञ्च्/अक् with वि- (धातु; Vedic form; sense ‘to pervade/extend/arrange, distribute’)