Rig Veda 2.19.1: Mandala 2, Sukta 19, Mantra 1

Sukta 2.19

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (traditional for RV 2.19)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 2.19)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अपाय्यस्यान्धसो मदाय मनीषिणः सुवानस्य प्रयसः । यस्मिन्निन्द्रः प्रदिवि वावृधान ओको दधे ब्रह्मण्यन्तश्च नरः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 2.19.1

Transliteration

apā́yya syā́ndhaso mádāya manī́ṣiṇaḥ suvāná sya práyasaḥ | yásminn índraḥ prádivi vāvṛdhāná óko dadhé brahmaṇyántaś ca náraḥ ||

Translation

El deleite exprimido ha sido bebido para el arrobamiento por el vidente del pensamiento, de la plenitud de la ofrenda. En él, Indra, creciendo en el cielo más alto, ha puesto su morada; y los hombres que buscan el Brahman, la Palabra sagrada, se congregan junto a él.

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Word by Word

• अपाय्य: having gone away, having withdrawn
• अपाय्य: (Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa) – adverbial to the main action
• Type: Verb (participle used predicatively)
• Root: अप-इ (√इ ‘to go’ with preverb अप) / अपाय्य (kṛdanta) from √इ

• अस्य: of him/this (one)
• अस्य: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (possessor/relational)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (sarvanāman)

• अन्धसः: of the soma-juice (pressed drink)
• अन्धसः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्धस् (n.)

• मदाय: for intoxication, for exhilaration
• मदाय: सम्प्रदान (purpose/recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद (m.)

• मनीषिणः: the wise ones, inspired thinkers
• मनीषिणः: कर्तृ (agents of the implied offering/pressing)
• Type: Adjective (substantival)
• Root: मनीषिन् (adj./n.)

• सुवानस्य: of the pressing one / of the one who has pressed (Soma)
• सुवानस्य: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (qualifying ‘प्रयस्/अन्धस्’)
• Type: Participle (adjectival)
• Root: सु (√सु ‘to press/express (Soma)’) → सुवान (pres. ptcp.)

• प्रयसः: of the offering, of the refreshment (oblation)
• प्रयसः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रयस् (n.)

• यस्मिन्: in whom, wherein
• यस्मिन्: अधिकरण (locus: ‘in whom/wherein’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (relative pronoun)

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (m.)

• प्रदिवि: in the fore-sky / in the highest heaven
• प्रदिवि: अधिकरण (adverbial locus)
• Type: Indeclinable (prepositional adverbial)
• Root: प्र + दिवि (दिव् f. ‘sky’ loc. sg. दिवि)

• वावृधानः: growing strong, having increased
• वावृधानः: कर्तृ (as qualifier of the agent)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √वृध् ‘to grow, increase’ → वावृधान (perf./intensive-stative ptcp.)

• ओकः: a dwelling, abode
• ओकः: कर्म (object of दधे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओकस् (n.)

• दधे: he has placed, he has set
• दधे: मुख्यक्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा ‘to place, set’

• ब्रह्मण्यन्तः: prayer-loving, devoted to sacred formulation
• ब्रह्मण्यन्तः: कर्तृ (co-agents, with नरः)
• Type: Adjective (substantival)
• Root: ब्रह्मण्य (adj. ‘devoted to brahman/prayer’) < ब्रह्मन्

• च: and
• च: (samuccaya) connector
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• नरः: men, heroes
• नरः: कर्तृ (co-agents)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (m.)