Valmiki Ramayana 2.75.65: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 65

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

लालप्यमानस्य विचेतनस्य प्रणष्टबुद्धे: पतितस्य भूमौ।मुहुर्मुहुर्निश्श्वसतश्च घर्मं सा तस्य शोकेन जगाम रात्रिः।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.75.65

Transliteration

lālapyamānasya vicetanasya praṇaṣṭabuddheḥ patitasya bhūmau | muhur muhur niśśvasataś ca gharmaṃ sā tasya śokena jagāma rātriḥ ||

Translation

Aquella noche transcurrió en duelo por él—por Bharata—que yacía caído en tierra, sin sentido y con el juicio nublado, gimiendo una y otra vez y exhalando repetidos suspiros hondos y ardientes.

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Word by Word

• लालप्यमानस्य: of (him) wailing
• लालप्यमानस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √lap (धातु) + lālapyamāna (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (शानच्); पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (तस्य इत्यर्थे)

• विचेतनस्य: of (him) unconscious
• विचेतनस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vicetana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• प्रणष्टबुद्धेः: of (him) whose understanding was lost
• प्रणष्टबुद्धेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra-√naś (धातु) + naṣṭa (कृदन्त) + buddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (प्रणष्टा बुद्धिः यस्य); पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• पतितस्य: of (him) fallen
• पतितस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pat (धातु) + patita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• भूमौ: on the ground
• भूमौ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• मुहुः: again and again
• मुहुः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: muhuḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण

• मुहुः: repeatedly
• मुहुः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: muhuḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरुक्ति (reduplication for emphasis)

• निःश्वसतः: of (him) sighing
• निःश्वसतः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Verb
• Root: niḥ-√śvas (धातु) + niḥśvasat (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ); पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• च: and
• च: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-निपात

• घर्मम्: heat, hot breath
• घर्मम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; (निःश्वसतः कर्म/उत्सर्ज्यवस्तु)

• सा: that (night)
• सा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (रात्रिः इत्यस्य विशेषण/अन्वय)

• तस्य: of him (Bharata)
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• शोकेन: with/through grief
• शोकेन: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/हेतु), एकवचन; हेतौ तृतीया (instrumental of cause)

• जगाम: passed, went by
• जगाम: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect); परस्मैपद; प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• रात्रिः: night
• रात्रिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rātri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन

Context

Then agonised Bharata and Satrughna, beholding that venerable, noble-hearted, grief-stricken, weeping Kausalya who was almost semiconscious overcome with grief, approached her with great sorrow and hugged her.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse underscores that dharma is lived by embodied persons: intense sorrow can overwhelm cognition, and the narrative invites compassionate care as part of righteous response to suffering.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata remains collapsed and inconsolable through the night, repeatedly sighing and lamenting as grief persists.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s sincerity of feeling and moral sensitivity—his grief reflects deep loyalty and conscience, even though it incapacitates him.