Sukta 9
Mandala 3Sukta 99 Mantras

Sukta 9

Sukta 3.9

Rishi

Vasiṣṭha (traditional for RV 3.9)

Devata

Apām Napāt (often associated with Agni’s hidden form in waters)

Chandas

Gāyatrī (probable for opening of RV 3.9; requires metrical verification)

This hymn praises Apām Napāt—Agni in his hidden, watery form—chosen as a divine ally and protector of mortals. It recalls the mythic recovery and establishment of the sacred fire (with Mātariśvan as the bringer), and culminates in a grand vision of many divine powers serving and enthroning Agni as Hotṛ.

Mantras

Mantra 1

सखायस्त्वा ववृमहे देवं मर्तास ऊतये । अपां नपातं सुभगं सुदीदितिं सुप्रतूर्तिमनेहसम् ॥

As comrades we choose you, the god, O mortals for our help—Apām Napāt, the fortunate one, the well-kindled, the well-victorious, the unwearied.

Mantra 2

कायमानो वना त्वं यन्मातॄरजगन्नपः । न तत्ते अग्ने प्रमृषे निवर्तनं यद्दूरे सन्निहाभवः ॥

Though you move through the woods, when you went to the mothers, the waters—this is no turning-back for you, O Agni, no fading of your forward urge: though far away, you become here (present).

Mantra 3

अति तृष्टं ववक्षिथाथैव सुमना असि । प्रप्रान्ये यन्ति पर्यन्य आसते येषां सख्ये असि श्रितः ॥

Thou hast carried us beyond the hard-pressed resistance; therefore thou becomest the clear gladness within. Some move forward in the path, others encompass and guard from around—those in whose comradeship thou art established.

Mantra 4

ईयिवांसमति स्रिधः शश्वतीरति सश्चतः । अन्वीमविन्दन्निचिरासो अद्रुहोऽप्सु सिंहमिव श्रितम् ॥

Him who was advancing they followed beyond the breaks and beyond the long continuities; the patient and undeceiving ones found him—like a lion lodged in the waters—established in the depths.

Mantra 5

ससृवांसमिव त्मनाग्निमित्था तिरोहितम् । ऐनं नयन्मातरिश्वा परावतो देवेभ्यो मथितं परि ॥

As one flowing by its own nature, so was Agni—thus hidden. Mātariśvan led him from the far beyond, churned out for the gods and brought here.

Mantra 6

तं त्वा मर्ता अगृभ्णत देवेभ्यो हव्यवाहन । विश्वान्यद्यज्ञाँ अभिपासि मानुष तव क्रत्वा यविष्ठ्य ॥

The mortals have seized thee for the gods, O carrier of the offering. For thou guardest all the sacrifices—O human-facing Fire—by thy will of effective knowledge, O youngest in power.

Mantra 7

तद्भद्रं तव दंसना पाकाय चिच्छदयति । त्वां यदग्ने पशवः समासते समिद्धमपिशर्वरे ॥

This is the blessedness of thy power: it covers even the unripe in understanding. When the herds of energies gather to thee, O Agni—kindled—thou art a shelter even in the dim enclosure.

Mantra 8

आ जुहोता स्वध्वरं शीरं पावकशोचिषम् । आशुं दूतमजिरं प्रत्नमीड्यं श्रुष्टी देवं सपर्यत ॥

Offer to him—the self-righting, swift, and pure-flaming; the rapid messenger, tireless, ancient and ever-worthy of aspiration. With obedient hearing, serve the god.

Mantra 9

त्रीणि शता त्री सहस्राण्यग्निं त्रिंशच्च देवा नव चासपर्यन् । औक्षन्घृतैरस्तृणन्बर्हिरस्मा आदिद्धोतारं न्यसादयन्त ॥

Three hundred, three thousand—thirty and nine—powers served Agni. They anointed him with clarities, they spread the sacred seat for him; then indeed they set the Priest down in his place.

Frequently Asked Questions

Apām Napāt means “Descendant of the Waters.” In RV 3.9 he is the hidden form of Agni—radiant fire present within the waters—invoked as a powerful helper.

Mātariśvan is the mythic bringer of fire. The hymn recalls how he led Agni from the distant realm and made him available for the gods and for sacrifice.

Establish the sacred fire correctly: kindle and honor Agni with ghee, prepare the ritual seat (barhis), and install him as Hotṛ so the offerings and prayers can reach the gods.