
Sukta 3.61
Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional for RV 3.61, an Uṣas hymn in the Viśvāmitra corpus)
Uṣas (Dawn)
Triṣṭubh (likely for RV 3.61)
This seven-verse Triṣṭubh hymn praises Uṣas (Dawn) as the ancient-yet-ever-young goddess who arrives according to ṛta (cosmic law), awakening life, wealth, and right activity. It depicts her as a luminous, skillful power spreading from the far edge of heaven to earth, and links her radiance to the wider order upheld by Mitra–Varuṇa, through which light is distributed and the worlds are set in motion.
Mantra 1
उषो वाजेन वाजिनि प्रचेताः स्तोमं जुषस्व गृणतो मघोनि । पुराणी देवि युवतिः पुरंधिरनु व्रतं चरसि विश्ववारे ॥
O Dawn, by the plenitude of force, O force-bearing and wide-aware, accept the hymn of the singer, O giver of riches. Ancient yet ever-young goddess, full of wise discernment, you move according to the law, O all-desirable, bringing the world’s boons.
Mantra 2
उषो देव्यमर्त्या वि भाहि चन्द्ररथा सूनृता ईरयन्ती । आ त्वा वहन्तु सुयमासो अश्वा हिरण्यवर्णां पृथुपाजसो ये ॥
O Dawn, divine and deathless, shine out wide, with your moon-bright chariot, setting the true inspirations in motion. Let the well-yoked horses bring you—golden-hued, broad in radiance—those that bear your vast light.
Mantra 3
उषः प्रतीची भुवनानि विश्वोर्ध्वा तिष्ठस्यमृतस्य केतुः । समानमर्थं चरणीयमाना चक्रमिव नव्यस्या ववृत्स्व ॥
O Dawn, turning toward us, you stand upright over all the worlds, a beacon of the deathless. Moving toward the same goal, you renew yourself again and again like a wheel, ever more fresh in your returning.
Mantra 4
अव स्यूमेव चिन्वती मघोन्युषा याति स्वसरस्य पत्नी । स्वर्जनन्ती सुभगा सुदंसा आन्ताद्दिवः पप्रथ आ पृथिव्याः ॥
Gathering her riches as one gathers treasure, the bounteous Dawn moves on, the spouse of her sister. Bringing forth the luminous world, fortunate and of perfect workmanship, she spreads from the far end of heaven even to the earth.
Mantra 5
अच्छा वो देवीमुषसं विभातीं प्र वो भरध्वं नमसा सुवृक्तिम् । ऊर्ध्वं मधुधा दिवि पाजो अश्रेत्प्र रोचना रुरुचे रण्वसंदृक् ॥
Toward the shining goddess Dawn bring forward, with reverence, your well-fashioned hymn. Her honey-bearing radiance has mounted upward in heaven; the luminous spaces shine out—she of delightful vision has made the worlds bright.
Mantra 6
ऋतावरी दिवो अर्कैरबोध्या रेवती रोदसी चित्रमस्थात् । आयतीमग्न उषसं विभातीं वाममेषि द्रविणं भिक्षमाणः ॥
The Two who move in the Truth—Heaven’s wide pair—are awakened by the flaming hymns; the opulent (powers) of the two worlds take their place in a wondrous form. O Agni, as the Dawn comes, shining out, you go seeking the desirable wealth—asking for the substance that fills the being.
Mantra 7
ऋतस्य बुध्न उषसामिषण्यन्वृषा मही रोदसी आ विवेश । मही मित्रस्य वरुणस्य माया चन्द्रेव भानुं वि दधे पुरुत्रा ॥
From the foundation of the Truth, impelling the Dawns, the mighty Bull enters into the vast Heaven-and-Earth. Great is the formative power of Mitra and Varuṇa: like the Moon it sets the light in many places, distributing the beam widely.
Uṣas is the Vedic goddess of Dawn, praised as radiant and generous. She arrives every day in harmony with ṛta (cosmic order) and awakens the world into light and activity.
The hymn celebrates dawn as a daily renewal that brings clarity, prosperity, and right movement. It also points to a deeper order—ṛta—by which light and life are reliably restored.
It is best recited at dawn, especially at the start of daily worship or work. The recitation is meant to invite auspicious beginnings, inner wakefulness, and alignment with truthful, orderly living.