
Sukta 1.66
Gṛtsamada (traditional)
Agni
Triṣṭubh (probable; requires verification)
RV 1.66 praises Agni as a many-splendored, all-seeing presence—wealth, sun, breath, and an “eternal son”—who sustains life and awakens inner power. The hymn dwells on Agni’s radiant emergence among peoples, his battle-worthy force, and his ability to drive forward the currents of darkness so the luminous “cows” (rays/insights) align with the vision of heaven.
Mantra 1
रयिर्न चित्रा सूरो न संदृगायुर्न प्राणो नित्यो न सूनुः ॥
He is like a wealth of many colors, like a sun that truly sees; like life and breath, like an eternal son—Agni is the sustaining plenitude and the ever-renewed presence within us.
Mantra 2
तक्वा न भूर्णिर्वना सिषक्ति पयो न धेनुः शुचिर्विभावा ॥
Like a swift one, like a whirling rush he clings through the forests; like a milk-cow he yields the nourishing flow—pure, wide-shining, Agni pours his luminous sustenance.
Mantra 3
दाधार क्षेममोको न रण्वो यवो न पक्वो जेता जनानाम् ॥
He upholds the safe dwelling, delightful as a home; like ripened grain he is the winner for the peoples—Agni establishes the secure foundation and conquers for the human journey.
Mantra 4
ऋषिर्न स्तुभ्वा विक्षु प्रशस्तो वाजी न प्रीतो वयो दधाति ॥
Like a seer who chants, praised among the clans, like a glad winner, he bestows powers of increase—Agni gives the growing energies to the seeker.
Mantra 5
दुरोकशोचिः क्रतुर्न नित्यो जायेव योनावरं विश्वस्मै ॥
Flaming even in hard-to-reach places, constant as an effective will, like a wife in the womb-home he is ready for all—Agni dwells in the secret seat and offers himself to every part of the being.
Mantra 6
चित्रो यदभ्राट् छ्वेतो न विक्षु रथो न रुक्मी त्वेषः समत्सु ॥
When he shines out in his many-hued power, white-pure among the peoples, like a chariot, like a golden splendour, he becomes an intense force in the inner battles.
Mantra 7
सेनेव सृष्टामं दधात्यस्तुर्न दिद्युत्त्वेषप्रतीका ॥
Like an army set in motion, he establishes the ordered might; like a lightning-flash, his form is a fierce front of luminous power.
Mantra 8
यमो ह जातो यमो जनित्वं जारः कनीनां पतिर्जनीनाम् ॥
He is the twin-born power, he is the very act of birth; he is the lover of the young maiden lights, the lord of the women—master of the generative energies within the being.
Mantra 9
तं वश्चराथा वयं वसत्यास्तं न गावो नक्षन्त इद्धम् ॥
Him we would follow in your movement, dwelling with him; as the cows reach their home, so do our powers arrive at the kindled flame.
Mantra 10
सिन्धुर्न क्षोदः प्र नीचीरैनोन्नवन्त गावः स्वर्दृशीके ॥
Like a river’s driving surge he pushes the lower currents onward; the cows—rays that behold the Sun—bow and move in obedience to that luminous pressure.
It praises Agni as a sustaining, all-seeing power—like wealth, the sun, and breath—who purifies, protects, and leads the mind toward higher light (svar).
The sun image points to Agni’s illuminating knowledge, while breath points to his role as life-force and steady inner presence that renews energy and clarity.
In Vedic symbolism, “cows” often suggest rays, lights, or fruitful insights. Here they “bow” and move with Agni’s luminous pressure, meaning understanding aligns with the path to heavenly vision.